Polyploidy Induction in Parsley (<i>Petroselinum crispum</i> L.) by Colchicine Treatment

Abstract

The experiment was aimed to study the effect of colchicine concentrations (0.025, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2%) and treatment times (8, 24 and 48 h) on polyploidy induction and morphological characteristics in Petroselinum crispum. Polyploidy induction was carried out in two independent experiments; seed treatment under in vivo, and node treatment under in vitro condition. Polyploids were confirmed by chromosome counts, density and size of stomata and other morphological characters. The survival rate for nodes and seeds decreased significantly with increasing concentration of colchicine and its treatment duration. Moreover, the induction of polyploidy was better in the node explants compared with the seeds. The maximum amount of tetraploidization of plants from the seeds was achieved at 0.05% colchicine after 24 and 48 h incubation. The most induction of the tetraploid plants was observed 24 h after treatment with 0.05% and 0.1% colchicine under in vivo and in vitro conditions, respectively. Furthermore, morphological measurements revealed that the size of the stomata and leaves in tetraploid plants was larger than those in diploid plants. However, the density of stomata was decreased in tetraploid plants as compared to the diploids.

Artificial Chromosome Doubling in Allotetraploid Calendula officinalis

“…For oryzalin and trifluralin the decrease in germination was less pronounced and the results were more variable. Our results were in agreement with previous studies that showed a fatal effect of high doses of antimitotic agents on seeds (Luo et al, 2018;Nasirvand et al, 2018). High doses of these substances are toxic to plant cells and modify various plant activities (Pintos et al, 2007;Luo et al, 2018).…”

“…However, the very low number of octaploids makes it difficult to make general conclusions. Other studies have shown that the optimal antimitotic agent and concentration is strongly genotype-dependent (Dhooghe et al, 2010), such as in parsley (Nasirvand et al, 2018), Onobrychis elata (Avci et al, 2019), and Escallonia (Denaeghel et al, 2018), among many others. Unfortunately most of the octaploid plants detected at 3 weeks after transplant reverted to tetraploid status after 9 weeks.…”

Polyploidy Induction in <i>Salvia officinalis</i> L. and Its Effects on Some Morphological and Physiological Characteristics

“…This might due to increased cell size in the tetraploid plants as compared with diploids and consequently decreasing stomata density. Reducing stomata density in tetraploid plants reported on the parsley (Nasirvand et al 2018), Sorghum bicolor (Sotoudeh Ardabili et al 2015), and Jasione maritima (Castro et al 2018). In contrast, tetraploid plants have larger stomata as compared with diploids.…”

“…The samples were analyzed using a PA-I flow cytometer (Partec, Munster, Germany) at the Iranian Institute of National Plant Gene-Bank lab at Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran. Also, chromosome observations from young leaves of both diploid and some tetraploid plants were performed according to the method described by Nasirvand et al (2018).…”

“…Also, it was reported that the most successful way to induce polyploidy is through seed treatment; as seed treatment with colchicine before germination produces more tetraploid plants rather than germinated ones (Lehrer et al 2008). Successful induction of polyploidy using colchicine was reported in some plants such as sage (S. polyploids L.) (Kobayashi et al 2008), parsley (Petroselinum crispum L.) (Nasirvand et al 2018), Sophora tonkinensis L. (Wei et al 2018) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) (Albertin et al 2005).…”