Polyphenols from red wine are potent modulators of innate and adaptive immune responsiveness

Magrone, Thea; Jirillo, Emilio

doi:10.1017/s0029665110000121

Cited by 44 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Over the past years, plant-derived polyphenols have been experimented in in vitro and in vivo models of intestinal inflammation in view of their anti-inflammatory potential (134, 135). Interesting results have been obtained in vitro treating Caco-2 cells with cocoa polyphenols (134).…”

Section: Effects Of Cocoa and Dark Chocolate On Intestinal Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocoa and Dark Chocolate Polyphenols: From Biology to Clinical Applications

2017

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It is well known that cocoa and dark chocolate possess polyphenols as major constituents whose dietary consumption has been associated to beneficial effects. In fact, cocoa and dark chocolate polyphenols exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities switching on some important signaling pathways such as toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor κB/signal transducer and activator of transcription. In particular, cocoa polyphenols induce release of nitric oxide (NO) through activation of endothelial NO synthase which, in turn, accounts for vasodilation and cardioprotective effects. In the light of the above described properties, a number of clinical trials based on the consumption of cocoa and dark chocolate have been conducted in healthy subjects as well as in different categories of patients, such as those affected by cardiovascular, neurological, intestinal, and metabolic pathologies. Even if data are not always concordant, modifications of biomarkers of disease are frequently associated to improvement of clinical manifestations. Quite interestingly, following cocoa and dark chocolate ingestion, cocoa polyphenols also modulate intestinal microbiota, thus leading to the growth of bacteria that trigger a tolerogenic anti-inflammatory pathway in the host. Finally, many evidences encourage the consumption of cocoa and dark chocolate by aged people for the recovery of the neurovascular unit.

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Section: Effects Of Cocoa and Dark Chocolate On Intestinal Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocoa and Dark Chocolate Polyphenols: From Biology to Clinical Applications

2017

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“…High concentrations of flavonoids are found frequently as nonessential and healthy plant metabolites in foodstuffs and have attracted interest as natural inhibitors of inflammation (28,50,78). A frequently occurring flavonoid is quercetin, which is readily absorbed in the duodenum and then coupled to uronic acid before its transport in plasma (98).…”

Section: Inhibitory Actions Of Quercetin Glucuronide In the In Vitro mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of coronary venular barrier function by blood borne inflammatory mediators and pharmacological tools: insights from novel microvascular wall models

Juchem

Weiss

Knott

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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We hypothesized that postcapillary venules play a central role in the control of the tightness of the coronary system as a whole, particularly under inflammatory conditions. Sandwich cultures of endothelial cells and pericytes of precapillary arteriolar or postcapillary venular origin from human myocardium as models of the respective vascular walls (sandwich cultures of precapillary arteriolar or postcapillary venular origin) were exposed to thrombin and components of the acutely activatable inflammatory system, and their hydraulic conductivity (L(P)) was registered. L(P) of SC-PAO remained low under all conditions (3.24 ± 0.52·10(-8)cm·s(-1)·cmH(2)O(-1)). In contrast, in the venular wall model, PGE(2), platelet-activating factor (PAF), leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)), IL-6, and IL-8 induced a prompt, concentration-dependent, up to 10-fold increase in L(P) with synergistic support when combined. PAF and LTB(4) released by metabolically cooperating platelets, and polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) caused selectively venular endothelial cells to contract and to open their clefts widely. This breakdown of the barrier function was preventable and even reversible within 6-8 h by the presence of 50 μM quercetin glucuronide (QG). LTB(4) synthesis was facilitated by biochemical involvement of erythrocytes. Platelets segregated in the arterioles and PMNs in the venules of blood-perfused human myocardium (histological studies on donor hearts refused for heart transplantation). Extrapolating these findings to the coronary microcirculation in vivo would imply that the latter's complex functionality after accumulation of blood borne inflammatory mediators can change rapidly due to selective breakdown of the postcapillary venular barrier. The resulting inflammatory edema and venulo-thrombosis will severely impair myocardial performance. The protection afforded by QG could be of particular relevance in the context of cardiosurgical intervention.

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“…Moreover, in vitro studies reviewed in [13,14] have shown that polyphenols inhibit the expression and secretion of pro-inflammatory molecules in several cell lines. This inhibitory action has been shown to be coupled to the enhancement of IL-10 production, thus maintaining the inflammatory:anti-inflammatory ratio [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grape Consumption Increases Anti-Inflammatory Markers and Upregulates Peripheral Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Absence of Dyslipidemias in Men with Metabolic Syndrome

et al. 2012

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We evaluated the effects of grape consumption on inflammation and oxidation in the presence or absence of dyslipidemias in metabolic syndrome (MetS). Men with MetS (n = 24), 11 with high triglycerides and low HDL and 13 with no dyslipidemia were recruited and randomly allocated to consume daily either 46 g of lyophilized grape powder (GRAPE), equivalent to 252 g fresh grapes, or placebo with an identical macronutrient composition and caloric value as GRAPE for four weeks. After a three-week washout, participants followed the alternate treatment. We measured changes between placebo and GRAPE periods in inflammatory and oxidative stress markers both in circulation and in gene expression. Changes in plasma adiponectin (p < 0.05), interleukin (IL)-10 (p < 0.005) and in mRNA expression of the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (p < 0.25) were increased in the GRAPE compared to the placebo period only in those individuals without dyslipidemia. Additionally, plasma IL-10 was negatively correlated with NOX2 expression, a marker of oxidative stress (r = −0.55, p < 0.01), while iNOS expression was positively correlated with the expression of superoxide dismutase 2 (r = 0.642, p < 0.01), a key anti-oxidative enzyme. Grape consumption displayed anti-oxidative and increased anti-inflammatory markers in the absence of the inflammatory milieu associated with dyslipidemias.

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Polyphenols from red wine are potent modulators of innate and adaptive immune responsiveness

Cited by 44 publications

References 93 publications

Cocoa and Dark Chocolate Polyphenols: From Biology to Clinical Applications

Cocoa and Dark Chocolate Polyphenols: From Biology to Clinical Applications

Regulation of coronary venular barrier function by blood borne inflammatory mediators and pharmacological tools: insights from novel microvascular wall models

Grape Consumption Increases Anti-Inflammatory Markers and Upregulates Peripheral Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Absence of Dyslipidemias in Men with Metabolic Syndrome

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