Polyphenoloxidase activity and polyphenol levels in organically and conventionally grown peach (Prunus persica L., cv. Regina bianca) and pear (Pyrus communis L., cv. Williams)

Carbonaro, Marina; Mattera, M.

doi:10.1016/s0308-8146(00)00248-x

Cited by 108 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The differences were ascribed both to compost utilization in the biodynamic growing system and to the use in conventional agriculture of herbicides blocking the shikimate pathway and thus reducing the synthesis of aromatic amino acids, the starting point of the of phenolic compounds pathway [66]. Organically grown peach [67] so as organically grown blueberry [68] contained higher amounts of total polyphenols than conventionally grown fruits, while for organically grown pear [67], only two of three samples followed the same behavior; an enrichment in plant defense mechanisms against infestations, through an increase in endogenous polyphenols, could explain such behavior. The cultivation technique of black current [69] sampled in several organic and conventional farms did not affect total phenolic content.…”

Section: Effect Of Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant polyphenol content, soil fertilization and agricultural management: a review

Heimler

Romani

Ieri

2017

Eur Food Res Technol

124

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relevance of scientific studies on this subject. Taking into account the reviews published since 2008, a general overlook on the research topics can emphasize the main current fields in which the research is presently developed. The different subjects which may be inferred are: problems in the analytical assays of polyphenols [1][2][3][4][5], polyphenols composition of fruits and vegetables [6][7][8][9][10], the fate of polyphenols in postharvest technology [11, 12], chemistry and biochemistry [13][14][15][16], polyphenols and food [17][18][19][20][21], polyphenols and health [22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. From this short survey which takes into account only partly the last years, the great number and variety of researches on these plants metabolites can be pointed out. There is a lack of reviews on the relations between polyphenols content, fertilization and agriculture practice, with the exception of a recent review on the possibility of differentiating organic practice by means of secondary plant metabolites in carrots [29], and the review of Stefanelli et al. [18] focused on horticulture quality under minimal nitrogen and water supply.The aim of this review is concerned with the relationships between polyphenols content, fertilization and agricultural practice correlated to soil management. Effect of nitrogen and/or potassium fertilizationAs summed up by Nguyen and Niemeyer [30], the carbon/nitrogen balance (CNB) pathways can be taken into account when studying the effect of nitrogen fertilization on phenolic content. Phenylalanine is the rate-limiting precursor for phenylpropanoid synthesis (e.g., lignin, flavonoids and condensed tannins), and at the same time, it is an essential amino acid for protein synthesis. Plant growth is heavily dependent on protein synthesis for the manufacture of photosynthetic, biosynthetic and regulatory enzymes, as well as for structural protein, and phenolic synthesis Abstract The review deals with polyphenol content of vegetables and fruits under different experimental conditions. The effect of fertilizers, mainly nitrogen containing fertilizers, on qualitative and especially quantitative content of the polyphenols mixture, was reviewed. Soil nitrogen affects both anthocyanins and flavonoids content, and generally, a higher polyphenolic content is observed when less nitrogen fertilizer is added to the soil. Also the effect of different agricultural management (conventional, organic, biodynamic, integrate) is reviewed with respect to polyphenols. In this case, a major effect has pointed out in the case of vegetables, while agricultural practice affects in a minimal way fruits polyphenols content. The effect of different management is, however, hardly pointed out, since many environmental factors are involved and affect polyphenols biosynthetic pathway.

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Section: Effect Of Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant polyphenol content, soil fertilization and agricultural management: a review

Heimler

Romani

Ieri

2017

Eur Food Res Technol

124

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“…According to many authors [14,27,28], higher phenol concentration in organically grown fruits can be attributed to severe forms of biotic or abiotic stress, which is known to induce phenolic biosynthesis. However, this theory cannot be applied universally, since there are examples in the literature where the content of phenolic compounds did not significantly differ between organically and conventionally produced fruit [7] or was even lower in organically produced fruit [29].…”

Section: Table IVmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of selected primary metabolites and phenolic profile of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples from four production systems

Jakopič¹,

Slatnar²,

Štampar³

et al. 2012

Fruits

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-Introduction. Apple fruit contains many compounds with positive effects on human health but even small pesticide residues from integrated production cause many food safety issues for consumers. Materials and methods. The apple fruits from different types of production: organic, integrated and two combined systems were analyzed. Their contents of sugars and organic acids were quantified with the use of HPLC with RI and UV detectors, and phenolic contents from apple skin and pulp were detected with HPLC-MS. Apple quality was also determined in terms of weight, firmness and color. Results. Organically produced fruits had 14% lower weight than integrated fruits, as well as 15% higher firmness and less green skin color than apples from the other three treatments. Among primary metabolites, the sum of sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose and sorbitol) as well as organic acids (malic and citric) was highest in the integrated production treatment. Among secondary metabolites, eighteen individual phenolic compounds were determined separately in apple peel and pulp. They were classified into four groups: hydroxycinnamic acids, flavan-3-ols, dihydrochalcones and flavonols. The majority of the identified compounds were dependent on the applied management system. Their concentrations were mainly highest in the organic treatment due to higher stress levels. The multivariate analysis of all monitored parameters placed organic production into one group and presented a similarity among the other three management systems.Slovenia / Malus domestica / fruits / integrated plant production / organic agriculture / proximate composition / quality / Hplc Analyse de certains métabolites primaires et du profil phénolique de pommes 'Golden Delicious' issues de quatre systèmes de production.Résumé -Introduction. La pomme contient de nombreux composés ayant des effets positifs sur la santé humaine, mais les résidus, même faibles, de pesticides issus de productions inté-grées provoquent de nombreux problèmes de sécurité alimentaire pour le consommateur. Matériel et méthodes. Les pommes issues de différents types de production (biologique, intégré et deux systèmes combinés de production) ont été analysées . Leur teneur en sucres et en acides organiques ont été quantifiées par utilisation de l'HPLC avec des détecteurs RI et UV ; les contenus phénoliques de la peau et de la chair des pommes ont été détectés par une HPLC-MS. La qualité des pommes a été également déterminée en termes de poids, fermeté et couleur du fruit. Résultats. Les fruits produits de façon biologique ont présenté un poids infé-rieur de 14 % par rapport aux fruits produits par un système intégré; leur fermeté a été amélio-rée de 15 % et leur couleur de peau a été moins verte que celle des pommes en provenance des trois autres traitements. Parmi les métabolites primaires, la somme des teneurs en sucres (fructose, glucose, saccharose et sorbitol) ainsi que celle des teneurs en acides organiques (acide malique et citrique) ont été les plus élevées pour les pommes issues d...

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“…Proses pencoklatan menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan nutrisi dan organoleptik sehingga menyebabkan perubahan mutu yang tidak dikehendaki 28,29 . Banyak faktor yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya proses pencoklatan antara lain kondisi penyimpanan, waktu penyimpanan serta terjadinya oksidasi senyawa fenolik menjadi quinon yang dikatalisis oleh polyphenol oxidase (PPO) 30 .…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasan Parameter Mutu Fisik Indeks Browningunclassified

Karakteristik Mutu Fisikokimia Jamur Merang (Volvarella Volvacea) Selama Penyimpanan Dalam Berbagai Jenis Larutan Dan Kemasan

Adiandri¹,

Nugraha²,

Rachmat³

2017

Jurnal Pasca

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Jamur merang merupakan komoditas sayuran yang bernilai ekonomi tinggi dan prospektif. Tetapi dalam keadaan segar daya simpannya sangat terbatas karena kadar airnya cukup tinggi dan setelah panen masih mengalami respirasi menghasilkan senyawa kimia yang dapat mempercepat kerusakan jamur merang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik mutu fisikokimia jamur merang selama penyimpanan dalam berbagai jenis larutan dan kemasan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan dua faktor dan tiga kali ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah jenis larutan yang terdiri dari: A1 (asam askorbat 0,05%); A2 (asam sitrat 1% ), A3 (garam dapur 2%), A4 (asam askorbat 0,05% + asam sitrat 1 % + garam dapur 2%), A5 (natrium metabisulfit 0,1% + garam dapur 0,2% + asam askorbat 0,1% + asam sitrat 0,1% + kalium karbonat 0,1%), dan A6 (kontrol). Sedangkan faktor kedua adalah jenis kemasan yaitu B1 (standing pouch) dan B2 (gelas plastik). Suhu penyimpanan untuk semua perlakuan sekitar 16 ± 5 o C. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua perlakuan cenderung mengalami perubahan mutu fisikokimia selama penyimpanan yang berpengaruh terhadap daya simpannya. Perlakuan dalam kemasan standing pouch dengan penambahan larutan asam askorbat 0.05% + asam sitrat 1% + garam 2% menunjukkan perlakuan dengan daya simpan terlama yaitu 9 hari (10 hari setelah panen) dengan karakteristik mutu fisikokimia sebagai berikut: indeks browning 157,89, tekstur 865,67 gram, konsentrasi CO 2 10,49 %, nilai kejernihan larutan 25,60%, pH 4,24, dan hasil uji hedonik untuk warna 4,67, tekstur 4,41 dan aroma 4,45.Kata kunci : Jamur merang, mutu fisikokimia, penyimpanan, kemasan, bahan aditif ABSTRACT. Resa Setia Adiandri, Sigit Nugraha dan Ridwan Rachmat. 2012. Characteristics of the physicochemical quality of straw mushroom (volvarella volvacea) during storage in various solution and packaging. Mushroom is an high economic value and prospective vegetable commodity. However, it has very limited shelf life at fresh condition because of high water level and respiration produce chemical compounds that can accelerate deterioration of mushroom. Objective of this study is to know characteristics of physicochemical quality of straw mushroom during storage in various solution and packaging. Experimental design used was completely randomized factorial design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was the type of solution consisting A1 (ascorbic acid 0.05%), A2 (citric acid 1%), A3 (salt 2%), A4 (ascorbic acid 0.05% + citric acid 1% +salt 2%), A5 (sodium metabisulfite 0.1% + salt 0.2% + ascorbic acid 0.1% + citric acid 0.1% + 0.1% potassium carbonate), and A6 (control). While the second factor was the type of packaging consisting B1 (standing pouch) and B2 (plastic cups). Storage temperature for all treatments were at 16 ± 5 o C. The results showed that all treatments tend to change the physicochemical quality during storage that affect the shelf life. Treatment which package in standing pouch with the addition of ascorbi...

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Polyphenoloxidase activity and polyphenol levels in organically and conventionally grown peach (Prunus persica L., cv. Regina bianca) and pear (Pyrus communis L., cv. Williams)

Cited by 108 publications

References 17 publications

Plant polyphenol content, soil fertilization and agricultural management: a review

Plant polyphenol content, soil fertilization and agricultural management: a review

Analysis of selected primary metabolites and phenolic profile of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples from four production systems

Karakteristik Mutu Fisikokimia Jamur Merang (Volvarella Volvacea) Selama Penyimpanan Dalam Berbagai Jenis Larutan Dan Kemasan

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