Polyphase or time-dependent kinematics and quaternary reactivation of thrust bounding Baijnath Klippe: western Kumaun Himalaya, India

Joshi, N. V.; Singh, Sonam; Pant, P. D.; Puniya, Mohit Kumar; Kothyari, Girish Ch

doi:10.1007/s00531-018-1662-2

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The plane of the Lesser Himalayas had slid under the Great Himalayas, causing enormous uplifts of the latter and splitting, shattering, and crushing Lesser Himalayan rocks. The lower Pinder basins Junsar and Almora groups are divided by the Baijnath Thrust, along which several landslides have occurred (Joshi et al 2019). Most of these landslides have appeared on the fault line or close to the faults (Fig.…”

Section: Geological Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Landslide Susceptibility Mapping using Geospatial framework -A Study of Pinder Basin, Chamoli District, Uttarakhand, India

Naik,

Palakuzhiyil

2024

Preprint

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The study of the landslides in the Himalayan catchment is crucial due to adverse climatic conditions, increasing anthropogenic activities, and infrastructure management. The Pinder valley falls under Uttarakhand's seismic zone (IV & V). There are many proposed and operational hydropower stations across the catchment, which is increasing the risk of landslides. The widespread digging and tunnelling in the mountain scape make the area vulnerable. As per the Geological Survey of India, villages around Pinder witness many landslides every year. Due to such hydropower projects, landslides have increased (Matu Jansangthan et al., 2016). There are various techniques to study landslides here in this work, a GIS-based spatial multicriteria method and statistical model used to create the Landslide hazard zonation Map (LZM) for the Pinder Basin. This paper considered nine causative elements: slope angle, slope aspect rainfall, lithology, land use land cover and fault, lineament, road, and stream buffer. In this research, considering the historical landslide inventory of Geological survey of India, it is investigated that 20% of the area (GIS-based AHP model) is highly vulnerable and susceptible to landslides. The frequency ratio (Statistical Model) shows around 32% of the area is susceptible to high landslides, which are majorly observed nearer to the mainstream. Studying landslides is essential for stakeholders, policymakers, the landslide hazard zonation map are influential, proactive decision-making tools that prevent economic losses and property damage. Utilizing such models can enhance their resilience and longevity. It also plays a vital role in ecological restoration, sustainable land management, and planning.

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Section: Geological Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Landslide Susceptibility Mapping using Geospatial framework -A Study of Pinder Basin, Chamoli District, Uttarakhand, India

Naik,

Palakuzhiyil

2024

Preprint

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“…(a) Simultaneous deformation of layer-parallel shortening and heterogeneous simple shear; (b) simultaneous deformation of layer-normal shortening and heterogenous simple shear. documented strain to address the internal deformation of different tectonostratigraphic units (GHS and LHS) in western Himalaya (N. Bose et al, 2018;Joshi et al, 2017Joshi et al, , 2019Puniya et al, 2019;Singh & Thakur, 2001;Tripathy et al, 2009), Nepal Himalaya (Goscombe et al, 2006;Law et al, 2004), and Arunachal Himalaya (Joshi et al, 2021). However, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that addresses how shortening gets partitioned across scales (thrust-sheet scale vs. grain-scale), strain geometry variation among all the exposed thrusts, and their contribution to the total shortening budget across an orogen.…”

Section: Penetrative Strain Variation In Orogenic Beltsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penetrative Strain and Partitioning of Convergence‐Related Shallow Crustal Shortening, Across Scales, in the Lesser‐ and Sub‐Himalayan Thrusts: Insights From the Eastern Himalaya, Sikkim

2022

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“…Abrupt deflection of the Kali River course from its original flow direction, that is, NNE‐SSW to E‐W, is observed, which reflects recent activity in this region (Figure a,b). Morphometric analysis in association with fluvial landform study has been used to ascertain the tectonic instability/stability in different river valleys of the central Kumaun Himalaya like the Kosi, Kali, Saryu, Pindar, and Alaknanda (Agarwal & Sharma, ; Goswami & Deopa, ; Goswami & Pant, ; Joshi, Singh, Pant, Puniya, & Kothyari, ; Kothyari, ; Kothyari & Pant, ; Luirei, ; Pant, Goel, & Joshi, ; Rana, Singh, Sundriyal, Rawat, & Juyal, ). The Digital Elevation Model (DEM) analysis combined with field evidences is extensively used to deduct neotectonic deformation across the complex Himalayan domain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of neotectonic variability along major Himalayan thrusts within the Kali River basin using geomorphic markers, Central Kumaun Himalaya, India

2019

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We have analysed the geomorphic signatures in aggregation with the geomorphic indices with respect to hinterland and foreland neotectonic variability across the major Himalayan thrust system along the Kali River valley of eastern Kumaun Himalaya. The valley floor morphology in the vicinity of the major thrust gave rise to the accommodation space for the aggradation of the recent fluvial sediments. For a longitudinal distance of 212 km between the South Tibet Detachment (STD)and Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT), the valley has preserved significant aggradational landforms. These landforms have been physically examined to explain the spatial and temporal variability in phases of aggradation/incision in response to the tectonic activity during the late Quaternary. Fossil valleys and associated epigenetic gorges, cut-and-fill terraces with thick alluvial cover, debris-flow terraces, bedrock strath terraces, and alluvial fan terraces are the significant aggradational landforms observed within the valley. They provide signatures of tectonic activity and past climatic records. We have analysed various geomorphic indices, namely, stream-gradient index (SL), steepness index (Ks), hypsometric curve and index (HI), and asymmetric factor (AF) to map the spatial variability in tectonic processes across the major thrusts. The channel morphology (depth and width) of a river becomes adjusted in geological time because of long-term tectonic and erosional processes. However, the channel geometry and deviations can be highly adjustable in a tectonically disturbed mountainous region. The deviations along the river course can be attributed to active tectonic movement along thrusts/faults or because of erosion/sedimentation processes. We applied a novel method called the river Gradient Length Anomaly (GLA) for 37 subbasins of the Kali River to deduce active deformation (uplift/subsidence) corresponding to the increased sedimentation and erosional rates, both from the upstream and downstream parts of the thrusted blocks, from where river flows through. The results of basin-wise morphometric indices were corroborated with GLA anomaly and field observations, which suggests that the area has undergone active deformation between the Main Central Thrust (MCT) and Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT), which is attributed to the regional compression. The results of geomorphic and morphometric data are validated with the focal mechanisms of moderate earthquakes. The geomorphic analysis suggests that the hinterland part of eastern Kumaun is more active than the foreland region.

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Polyphase or time-dependent kinematics and quaternary reactivation of thrust bounding Baijnath Klippe: western Kumaun Himalaya, India

Cited by 5 publications

References 69 publications

Landslide Susceptibility Mapping using Geospatial framework -A Study of Pinder Basin, Chamoli District, Uttarakhand, India

Landslide Susceptibility Mapping using Geospatial framework -A Study of Pinder Basin, Chamoli District, Uttarakhand, India

Penetrative Strain and Partitioning of Convergence‐Related Shallow Crustal Shortening, Across Scales, in the Lesser‐ and Sub‐Himalayan Thrusts: Insights From the Eastern Himalaya, Sikkim

Evaluation of neotectonic variability along major Himalayan thrusts within the Kali River basin using geomorphic markers, Central Kumaun Himalaya, India

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