Polyolefin materials and technology in artificial turf I: Yarn developments

Sandkuehler, Peter; Torres, Enrique; Allgeuer, Thomas

doi:10.1080/19346190.2010.504276

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Skin abrasion is one of the main aspects currently being addressed in the improvement of synthetic surfaces (McNitt, 2005). Many laboratories and companies are working on new fibres, such as lineal low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE), to reduce skin abrasion in artificial turf (Sandkuehler, Torres, & Allgeuer, 2010; Torres, Sandkuehler, Garcia Muenzer, & Allgeuer, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial turf surfaces: Perception of safety, sporting feature, satisfaction and preference of football users

Burillo

Gallardo

Felipe

et al. 2012

European Journal of Sport Science

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The aim of this research is to understand the experience of the football sector on the use of artificial turf (satisfaction, safety, sporting feature, or the advantages and disadvantages). The study was conducted on a random selection of 627 male participants (404 amateur/semi-professional footballers, 101 coaches and 122 referees) that regularly train/compete on artificial turf in Spanish football leagues. The results of the skin abrasion, muscle strain and the possibility of sustaining an injury, on a Likert-type 10-point interval scale, gave a perception of 'somewhat dissatisfied' for the participants. The main advantages of artificial turf were their sports features, the evenness of the surface and the good state of conservation. Participants were satisfied with the artificial turf surface. Approximately three out of four participants gave an overall ranking of highly satisfied. The players were significantly less satisfied than the coaches and referees. The overall satisfaction with artificial turf fields was strongly influenced by previous experience, particularly those who had previously played on dirt pitches. These results highlight the versatility of artificial turf to adapt to any circumstance or requirement for local sport and top-level professional competitions alike.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial turf surfaces: Perception of safety, sporting feature, satisfaction and preference of football users

Burillo

Gallardo

Felipe

et al. 2012

European Journal of Sport Science

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“…Starting from the 60s several synthetic materials were developed, and the technology was continuously and globally evolving. In recent years, several raw resources were used as a backing from jute to nylon or polypropylene, but these surfaces were considered too stiff and abrasive (Sandkuehler et al., 2010). The third generation of turfs was introduced in the 2000s and is characterized by long and less densely packed tufts fibres as well as an infill comprising elastomeric material, such as crumb rubber (Severn et al., 2011; Emery et al., 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial-turf surfaces for sport and recreational activities: microbiota analysis and 16S sequencing signature of synthetic vs natural soccer fields

Valeriani

Margarucci

Gianfranceschi

et al. 2019

Heliyon

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Synthetic fibres are used in place of the natural grass worldwide, for realizing playgrounds, soccer fields and even domestic gardens or recreational structures. An intensive use of artificial turf is currently observed in sports facilities, due to lower costs, higher sustainability in recycling of materials, and advantages related to athletic practice and performance. However, even if chemical and physical risks were studied, the microbiological component was not fully addressed, especially considering a comprehensive evaluation of the microbiota in synthetic vs natural playground surfaces. Here, we investigated the microbial community present on soccer fields, using Next Generation Sequencing and a 16S amplicon sequencing approach. Artificial and natural turfs show own ecosystems with different microbial profiles and a mean Shannon's diversity value of 2.176 and 2.475, respectively. The bacterial community is significantly different between facilities (ANOSIM: R ¼ 0.179; p < 0.001) and surface materials (ANOSIM: R ¼ 0.172; p < 0.005). The relative abundance of potentially pathogenic bacterial OTUs was higher in synthetic than in natural samples (ANOVA, F ¼ 2.2). Soccer fields are characterized by their own microbiota, showing a different 16S amplicon sequencing signature between natural and artificial turfs.

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“…Synthetic filler may be made of SBR, e.g. one obtained from the recycling of used low-pressure tyres or technical rubber (the basic raw material is a mixture of SBR and natural rubber, and unfortunately causes an unfavourable smell, especially at higher temperatures) or of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) following the recycling of waste based on EPDM rubber (grey or black) or in the production process from a new mixture, called virgin (with full colour scheme), as well as of thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPE) [2,4,7,8].…”

Section: Artificial Grass Base -General Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The degree of flammability for an artificial grass surface system

Kukfisz

2018

E3S Web Conf.

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Abstract. The paper presents a general overview of sport and floor lining products, such as artificial grass, which are used in residential premises and public utility buildings, as well as the hazards which ensue from the use of synthetic grass [1]. An outline was made of the requirements for the fire safety of civil engineering structures arising from their designation and usage type. The results were presented from studies conducted on four samples of synthetic grass with the main ingredients being polyethylene and polypropylene. An appraisal method was determined for flammable properties and flame spread on a horizontal sample subjected to a heat radiation flux gradient in a research chamber pursuant to PN EN ISO 9239-1 [25] applicable for all types of floors. Based on the estimated value of critical heat radiation flux (KSP) below 3 kW/m 2 and in addition to the flammability of products directly subjected to a flame according to PN EN ISO 11925-2 [27], a study was made of the suitability of selected samples of artificial grass by their categorisation to class Efl -i.e. easily flammable products. The classification of artificial grass selected for the needs of the studies, which has been verified in practice, and designated for use as decoration for gazebos, balconies, terraces and public utility facilities is only admissible in residential premises of type ZL IV.

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Polyolefin materials and technology in artificial turf I: Yarn developments

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Artificial turf surfaces: Perception of safety, sporting feature, satisfaction and preference of football users

Artificial turf surfaces: Perception of safety, sporting feature, satisfaction and preference of football users

Artificial-turf surfaces for sport and recreational activities: microbiota analysis and 16S sequencing signature of synthetic vs natural soccer fields

The degree of flammability for an artificial grass surface system

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