“…There have been many reports on the synthesis of nanostructured TiO2 using sol-gel [6][7][8], micelle [9,10], polyol, [11], sonochemical synthesis [12], hydrothermal method [13,14], and so on [3,[15][16][17]. Template-directed synthesis using titanium alkoxides as the TiO2 precursor is widely accepted as a simple and cost-effective method for the fabrication of TiO2 through the sol-gel polymerization.…”