Polymorphisms in Immunoregulatory Genes

Abstract

In organ transplantation, successful immunosuppression requires that both rejection and infection episodes be minimized. Unfortunately it is currently impossible to predict individual dose requirement for immunosuppressive drugs, but a number of studies of various immune response genes are now being performed with a view to identifying genotypes associated with rejection and/or infection. The key role of cytokines in the immune response and other processes, including fibrosis, has concentrated most of this attention on polymorphisms in cytokine genes. Data on polymorphisms in genes encoding tumor necrosis factor-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta, interferon-gamma and interleukin (IL)-1, 4, 6 and 10 together with the IL-4 receptor have been analyzed but so far there is currently no indication of any consistently positive associations between graft rejection and any of these polymorphisms. Studies of other immunomodulatory genes including the CTLA4 gene and the chemokine receptor CCR-5 have proved more positive though the data, so far, are only preliminary. In conclusion, additional large series studies of these and other cytokine genes, as well as other immunoregulatory gene polymorphisms of proven functional significance are needed to achieve major progress in this area.

Molecular Genetic Study of the Allelic State of the Cell Cycle Genes (TP53, BRCA1) and Features of the Regulation of the Cytokine Cascade in Breast Cancer

“…While typing by minisatellite in receptor gene of interleukin-1 (IL1R ), oncological patients significantly often have genotype IL-1RA *II/*II with frequency 24,39% ( =0,0005, 2=36,24) and allele IL-1RA*II with frequency 51,83% ( =0,0005, 2=22, 36). According to literature data, the production raise of IL1R in vitro and in vivo [30,31] is registered in allele IL1R *II, furthermore, presence of allele IL1R *II is associated with production raise of IL-1 in vitro [32]. Some authors consider carriage of allele IL1R *II as genetic determinant in development of cancer, specifically breast cancer [33], carcinoma of uterine cervix [34] and ovarian carcinoma [35].…”

Асоціація Звичного Невиношування Вагітності З Алельними Варіантами Генів IL8 Та IL10

“…Multiple studies confirmed that the maternal immune system is crucial for pregnancy establishment and maintenance [3]. Periods of pro-inflammatory and antiinflammatory environment prevalence in gestational tissues occur in precise sequence to provide pregnancy tolerance [4]. Cytokines are essential molecules to provide this type of interchange.…”

“…IL10 -592АА genotype and -1082A allele carriers frequency was higher in RPL group (6.6 %, 87.3 %) comparing to control (0.9 %, 76.4 %). The -1082A allele carriers have twice increased RPL risk (OR=2.12; CI95 %: 1,(3)(4)34). Keywords: IL8 gene/ IL10 gene/ interleukin/ recurrent pregnancy loss.…”

“…НВ (6,6 %, 87,3 %) порівняно з контрольною (0,9 %, 76,4 %). Ризик невиношування у носіїв алелю -1082A вдвічі вище (OR = 2,12; CI95 %: 1,(3)(4)34).Дата надходження рукопису 15.08.2014Kucherenko Anastasiia, PhD student, junior research fellow, Department of general and molecular genetics,…”