Polymorphisms in Genes Involved in Inflammation and Periodontitis: A Narrative Review

Brodzikowska, Aniela; Górski, Bartłomiej

doi:10.3390/biom12040552

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…A meta-analysis applied to these studies showed no association between SNPs within the IL10, IL6, IL4, IL8, IL17A, and VDR genes and periodontal pathogenic bacteria. However, the authors state that to date there is still a paucity of well-conducted case-control studies in periodontal infectogenomics [ 8 , 10 ]. In particular, Borges M.A.T.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oral microbiome consists of about 700 species of bacteria, characterized by a complex network of metabolic and physical interactions [ 5 , 6 ]. When the oral biofilm complex is disrupted and the bacterial load increases, microbial dysbiosis arises, the irritative response of host tissues increases and epithelial cells produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and other inflammatory mediators that contribute to the development of periodontal disease [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Several bacterial species associated with the development of periodontitis were initially defined by Socransky et al that identified Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia , and Treponema denticola as species associated with severe periodontal disease, thus coining the cluster known as “the red complex” [ 6 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the oral biofilm complex is disrupted and the bacterial load increases, microbial dysbiosis arises, the irritative response of host tissues increases and epithelial cells produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and other inflammatory mediators that contribute to the development of periodontal disease [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Several bacterial species associated with the development of periodontitis were initially defined by Socransky et al that identified Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia , and Treponema denticola as species associated with severe periodontal disease, thus coining the cluster known as “the red complex” [ 6 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Over the years, however, periodontitis-associated species have expanded beyond the red complex to include numerous other bacterial phyla associated with the disease [ 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Periodontal Bacteria: A Clinical Pilot Study

Cafiero¹,

Grippaudo

Dell’Aquila

et al. 2022

Biomolecules

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Background: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by microorganisms involving the supporting tissues of the teeth. Gene variants may influence both the composition of the biofilm in the oral cavity and the host response. The objective of the study was to investigate the potential correlations between the disease susceptibility, the presence and the quantity of periodontopathogenic oral bacterial composition and the VDR gene polymorphisms. Methods: Fifty (50) unrelated periodontal patients and forty-one (41) healthy controls were selected for genomic DNA extraction. DNA concentration was measured and analyzed. The periodontopathogenic bacterial species were identified and quantified using a Real Time PCR performed with species-specific primers and probes. Results: Genotype distribution showed a different distribution between the groups for BsmI rs1544410 genotypes (p = 0.0001) with a prevalence of the G(b) allele in periodontal patients (p = 0.0003). Statistical significance was also found for VDR TaqI rs731236 (p ≤ 0.00001) with a prevalence of the T(T) allele in periodontal patients (p ≤ 0.00001). The average bacterial copy count for the periodontitis group was significantly higher than that of control group. Dividing patients into two groups based on high or low bacterial load, FokI rs2228570 T allele (f) was statistically more represented in patients with high bacterial load. Conclusions: The findings of the study suggest the involvement of the VDR gene BsmI and TaqI polymorphisms in periodontal disease, while FokI and BsmI may be involved in determining an increased presence of periodontopathogens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Association between Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Periodontal Bacteria: A Clinical Pilot Study

Cafiero¹,

Grippaudo

Dell’Aquila

et al. 2022

Biomolecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A systematic review revealed that twenty-nine per cent of the variance of periodontitis traits is related to genetic factors based on twin and family studies [7]. Variants in at least 65 genes, especially genes involved in inflammation, have been implicated to be associated with periodontitis [8,9]. Besides the genetic factors, the impacts of environmental risk have been acknowledged for decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome- and Transcriptome-Wide Association Studies Identify Susceptibility Genes and Pathways for Periodontitis

Zhu

Cui

Fan

et al. 2022

Cells

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Several genes associated with periodontitis have been identified through genome-wide association studies (GWAS); however, known genes only explain a minority of the estimated heritability. We aimed to explore more susceptibility genes and the underlying mechanisms of periodontitis. Firstly, a genome-wide meta-analysis of 38,532 patients and 316,185 healthy controls was performed. Then, cross- and single-tissue transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) were conducted based on GWAS summary statistics and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. Risk genes were evaluated to determine if they were differentially expressed in periodontitis sites compared with unaffected sites using public datasets. Finally, gene co-expression network analysis was conducted to identify the functional biology of the susceptible genes. A total of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the introns of lncRNA LINC02141 approached genome-wide significance after meta-analysis. EZH1 was identified as a novel susceptibility gene for periodontitis by TWAS and was significantly upregulated in periodontitis-affected gingival tissues. EZH1 co-expression genes were greatly enriched in the cell-substrate junction, focal adhesion and other important pathways. Our findings may offer a fundamental clue for comprehending the genetic mechanisms of periodontitis.

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“…Periodontitis is a common chronic oral inflammatory disease that leads to the destruction of tooth-supporting tissues, which may be caused by genetic variations [ 1 ], imbalanced oral microbiome [ 2 ], or elevated levels of systemic pro-inflammatory mediators in the blood [ 3 , 4 ]. The occurrence of periodontal pathogens with persistent inflammation from dental plaque destroys periodontal structures such as periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, cementum, and soft tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Treatment Efficiency and Microbiota Analysis of Sapindus mukorossi Seed Oil on the Ligature-Induced Periodontitis Rat Model

Lin

Chang

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Periodontitis is a common oral disease mainly caused by bacterial infection and inflammation of the gingiva. In the prevention or treatment of periodontitis, anti-bacterial agents are used to inhibit pathogen growth, despite increasing levels of bacterial resistance. Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn (SM) seed oil has proven anti-bacterial and anti-inflammation properties. However, the possibility of using this plant to prevent or treat periodontitis has not been reported previously. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of SM oil on experimental periodontitis in rats by using micro-CT and microbiota analysis. The distance between cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and alveolar bone crest (ABC) on the sagittal micro-CT slide showed that total bone loss (TBL) was significantly lower in CEJ-ABC distances between SM oil and SM oil-free groups on Day 14. Histology data also showed less alveolar bone resorption, a result consistent result with micro-CT imaging. The microbiota analyzed at phylum and class levels were compared between the SM oil and SM oil-free groups on Day 7 and Day 14. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria were the dominant bacterium. Firmicutes in box plot analysis was significantly less in the SM oil group than in the SM oil-free group on Day 7. At the class level, Bacteroidia, Gammaproteobacteria, Bacilli, Clostridia, and Erysipelotrichia were the dominant bacteria. The bacteria composition proportion of Bacilli, Clostridiay, and Erysipelotrichia could be seen in the SM oil group significantly less than in t SM oil-free group on Day 7. Overall, the present results show that topical application of SM oil can reduce bone resorption and change bacteria composition in the ligature-induced periodontitis model. According to these results, it is reasonable to suggest SM oil as a potential material for preventing oral disease.

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Polymorphisms in Genes Involved in Inflammation and Periodontitis: A Narrative Review

Cited by 16 publications

References 81 publications

Association between Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Periodontal Bacteria: A Clinical Pilot Study

Association between Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Periodontal Bacteria: A Clinical Pilot Study

Genome- and Transcriptome-Wide Association Studies Identify Susceptibility Genes and Pathways for Periodontitis

The Treatment Efficiency and Microbiota Analysis of Sapindus mukorossi Seed Oil on the Ligature-Induced Periodontitis Rat Model

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