Polymorphism of the gene GDF9 in sheep of Prikatun type of Altai Mountains breedand its correlation with indices of meat rate productivity

Abstract

In recent decades in many countries of the world the development of sheep farming is determined by the efficiency of mutton production. One of the promising areas of selection improvement of sheep breeds of meat and meat & wool productivity is an application of molecular-genetic methods. To obtain high-quality mutton it is advisable to use the Altai Mountains sheep breed, which features by high energy of growth of young animals and their adaptability to all-year-round pasture management. One of the candidate genes responsible for sheep meat productivity is the gene of growth differentiation factor -GDF9 (growth differentiation factor 9). The article presents the results of research of polymorphism of the gene GDF9 and its relation with the parameters of meat productivity in young sheep of Altai Mountains breed. It was found that the rams-carriers of AA genotype outperformed their peers of AG and GG genotypes in terms of pre-slaughter weight, carcass weight, meat yield and meat content ratio by 1.62 and 7.01 kg, 1.34 and 3.98 kg (P<0.05), 1.21 and 1.86 abs. percent, 0.16 and 0.39 units (P<0.05) accordingly. The muscle tissue of rams of the desired genotype featured the highest content of protein, fat and, accordingly, energy value in comparison with AG and GG genotypes. The animals of AA genotype had the largest area of a rib eye and diameter of muscle fibers. The superiority over other genotypes achieved 1.55 cm 2 and 1.98 microns in average. In addition the higher number of inter-fiber and inter-bundle inclusions of fat and lower content of connective tissue stipulated higher marbling score (MB)-higher by 3.32 points. The obtained data indicate that it is promising methods to increase the number of homozygotic animals in term of gene GDF9 by intended selection of parent animals whose genotype contains a desirable element for further improvement of quantitative and qualitative parameters of meat rate productivity in sheep of Altai Mountains breed.

Potential of Antioxidant Enzymes as biochemical biomarkers for glyphosate-based herbicide in Oreochromis niloticus

“…The results revealed that the levels of catalase [17] and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly lower in the heart, gills, liver, and brain tissues of fish exposed to different concentrations of insecticides as compared to untreated fish. Conversely, fish, which were exposed to the same concentrations of insecticides had higher levels of peroxidase [16] in their gills, liver, and brain tissues than those, which were untreated. According to the results of the study, there was a significant decrease in the levels of antioxidant enzymes (POD, CAT, and SOD) in the gills of fish exposed to Roundup GBH at concentrations of 0.80, 1.30, 1.90, 2.50 µg/L mg L −1 for 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours as compared to the control group.…”

“…After centrifugation, the supernatants were removed and placed at -800C for enzyme profiling. By using UV-visible spectrophotometer, the amount of (reactive oxygen species) ROS in the gills and liver of each fish was measured by different antioxidant enzymes, which were such as peroxidase [16], catalase [17], and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured according to previous protocols [16]. Additionally, the gill tissue homogenates from individual fish, which were used to quantify the level of antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase described by [16,17].…”

Research of the overall chemical and amino acid composition of meat from young animals of new sheep genotypes

“…Sheep are very mobile, energetic and strong animals adapted to traveling long distances in different terrains. In contrast to pork, mutton has the higher content of myoglobin, which is necessary to supply muscle tissue with oxygen; therefore, the muscle tissue color is more saturated and varies from red to brick-red [8,9].…”