Polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE-I/D) differentiates the aerobic and speed performance of football players

Coelho, Daniel Barbosa; Pimenta, Eduardo Mendonça; Rosse, Izinara Cruz; Oliveira, Emerson Cruz de; Becker, Lenice Kapes; Júnior, João Batista Ferreira; Lopes, Lilian Maria Peixoto; Carvalho, Maria Raquel Santos; Garcia, Emerson Silami

doi:10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12060-2

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…those players with an 'endurance genotype' exhibited a greater aerobic capacity. In a different study of 212 participants from the same population, higher frequencies of the ACE II genotype (compared to I/D or DD genotypes) were observed in "excellent and good performance groups" regarding the YoYo intermittent recovery test [91]. In a separate study in 220 Brazilian youth soccer players, ACE II homozygotes were found to perform better in the YoYo test than D-allele carriers, although this was only in the under-16 year age group and thus a limited sample size of 41 [87].…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…However, there is limited research on the association between polymorphisms of the BDKRB2 gene and power performance, and the ACTN3 rs1815739 [28,90], ACE I/D [91] and PPARA rs4253778 [28] polymorphisms have not always shown consistent associations with vertical CMJ performance in high-level soccer players, so more research is required to confirm such findings.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phenotype: Sprint Performance  DD genotype associated with faster 20 m sprint speed compared to II genotype but no difference in vertical CMJ performance in 212 high-level pro players [91].…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, Massidda and col leagues [89] recruited 90 highlevel, professional, male Italian soc cer players and performed a total genotype score regression anal ysis, demonstrating that the combination of the ACTN3 rs1815739, ACE I/D and bradykinin receptor B2 (BDKRB2) rs1799722 polymor phisms explained 18-24 % of the variance in vertical jump perfor mance. However, there is limited research on the association be tween polymorphisms of the BDKRB2 gene and power perfor mance, and the ACTN3 rs1815739 [28,90], ACE I/D [91] and PPARA rs4253778 [28] polymorphisms have not always shown consistent associations with vertical CMJ performance in highlevel soccer players, so more research is required to confirm such findings.…”

Section: Vertical Jump Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ACE D [109,110], NOS3 rs2070744 T [58], and AGT (rs699) G [63,65] alleles have all been associated with elite power athlete status and are thought to exert their favourable effect on power performance by promoting skeletal muscle hypertrophy [63,65,111]. Indeed, in a cohort of 212 highlevel Brazilian profes sional male players, ACE DD homozygotes demonstrated faster 20 m sprint speeds compared to players of II genotype but there was no difference in muscular power (vertical CMJ) performance [91]. In a separate study from the same population (200 highlevel Brazilian professional male players), ACTN3 rs1815739 RR players sprinted faster over 10, 20 and 30 m and jumped higher than XX homozygotes [37].…”

Section: The Genetic Association With Acceleration and Sprint Perform...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Genetic Association with Athlete Status, Physical Performance, and Injury Risk in Soccer

et al. 2023

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The aim of this review was to critically appraise the literature concerning the genetic association with player status, physical performance and injury risk in soccer. The objectives were to provide guidance on which genetic markers could potentially be used as part of future practice in soccer; and to provide direction for future research in this area. The most compelling evidence identified six genetic polymorphisms to be associated with soccer athlete status (ACE I/D; ACTN3 rs1815739; AGT rs699; MCT1 rs1049434; NOS3 rs2070744; PPARA rs4253778), six with physical performance (ACTN3 rs1815739; AMPD1 rs17602729; BDNF rs6265; COL2A1 rs2070739; COL5A1 rs12722; NOS3 rs2070744), and seven with injury risk (ACTN3 rs1815739; CCL2 rs2857656; COL1A1 rs1800012; COL5A1 rs12722; EMILIN1 rs2289360; IL6 rs1800795; MMP3 rs679620). As well as replication by independent groups, large-scale genome-wide association studies are required to identify new genetic markers. Future research should also investigate the physiological mechanisms associating these polymorphisms with specific phenotypes. Further, researchers should investigate the above associations in female and non-Caucasian soccer players, as almost all published studies have recruited male participants of European ancestry. Only after robust, independently replicated genetic data have been generated, can genetic testing be considered an additional tool to potentially inform future practice in soccer.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vertical Jump Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Genetic Association With Acceleration and Sprint Perform...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Genetic Association with Athlete Status, Physical Performance, and Injury Risk in Soccer

et al. 2023

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Pleiotropic effects on Sarcopenia subphenotypes point to potential molecular markers for the disease

Fonseca,

Fabbri,

Moraes

et al. 2024

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics

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Association of Genotype, High-G Tolerance, and Body Composition in Jet Aircraft Aviators

Shin

2023

Military Medicine

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Introduction Pilots of high-performance F15 and F16 jets must undergo periodic assessment of +8.5 Gz tolerance in a centrifuge, which is classified as a high-intensity exercise. Prior research has indicated that exercise performance may be correlated with alpha-actinin3 (ACTN3) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genes, frequently termed the sports genes. This study aimed to investigate how ACTN3 and ACE genotypes correlate with high-g tolerance of Korean F15 and F16 pilots. Materials and Methods A total of 81 Korean F15 and F16 pilots (ages 25–39 years) volunteered to participate in human centrifuge testing at +8.5 Gz. Exercise tolerance was calculated as the mean breathing interval during high-g tests, the target gene genotypes (ACTN3 and ACE) were identified, and body composition measurements were measured. The relationship among the ACTN3 and ACE genotypes, high-g tolerance, and body compositions were evaluated. Results The ACTN3 genotypes identified included 23 RR (28.4%), 41 RX (50.6%), and 17 XX (21.0%). The ACE genotypes identified included 13 DD (16.0%), 39 DI (48.2%), and 29 II (35.8%). Both genes satisfied an equilibrium check. In multivariate analysis by Roy’s max, the interaction of the target genes (ACTN3 and ACE) was significant (P < .05). The ACTN3 gene showed significance (P < .05), while ACE tended toward significance with a correlation of P = .057 with high-g tolerance(s). Body composition parameters including height, body weight, muscle mass, body mass index, body fat (%), and basal metabolic rate showed no significant correlation with either genotype. Conclusion In a preliminary study, the RR ACTN3 genotype showed a significant correlation with +8.5 Gz tolerance. Pilots with the DI genotype showed the highest high-g tolerance in this test; however, the test pass rate was higher in pilots with the DD genotype in the preliminary study. This result shows the possibility of test passing and tolerance superiority consisting of two different factors in the relationship between high-g tolerance and ACE genotype. This study showed that pilots with the RR + DI genotype had the highest high-g tolerance, which correlated with the presence of the R and D alleles of the ACTN3 and ACE genes, respectively. However, body composition parameters were not significantly correlated with genotype. These results could suggest a plural gene effect on high-g tolerance; further follow-up is required to determine the practical usage and applications of these results.

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Polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE-I/D) differentiates the aerobic and speed performance of football players

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

The Genetic Association with Athlete Status, Physical Performance, and Injury Risk in Soccer

The Genetic Association with Athlete Status, Physical Performance, and Injury Risk in Soccer

Pleiotropic effects on Sarcopenia subphenotypes point to potential molecular markers for the disease

Association of Genotype, High-G Tolerance, and Body Composition in Jet Aircraft Aviators

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