Polymorphism of HLA class II genes in Miao and Yao nationalities of Southwest China

Abstract

In the present study, the polymorphism of human leucocyte antigen class II genes was investigated by the sequence-based typing method in two Chinese populations: the Miaos (n = 85) from Guizhou province and the Yaos (n = 66) from Yunnan province. These two populations exhibited certain similarity in their allelic distributions. Among 24 DRB1 alleles detected, DRB1*150101, DRB1*140101, DRB1*160201 and DRB1*090102 in Miao and DRB1*120201, DRB1*140101, DRB1*150101 and DRB1*090102 in Yao were highly predominant. Sixteen DQB1 alleles in total were found in these two populations among which DQB1*050201, DQB1*060101/060103 and DQB1*030101/0309 in both Miao and Yao and DQB1*050301 in Yao were commonly observed. In the 13 DPB1 alleles detected, the most frequent allele was DPB1*0501 in Miao and Yao followed by DPB1*02 and DPB1*1301. Frequent comparisons with other Chinese populations suggested the southern Chinese feature for both the Miao and Yao nationalities.

Distinct HLA allele and haplotype distributions in four ethnic groups of China

“…A clear difference in HLA allele distribution between the northern and southern ethnic groups in China was found previously for the Hui , Tibetans , Menbas and Mongolians from the north and the Bulang , Hani , Buyi , Dai , Jinuo , Wa , Maonan , Miao and Zhuang from the south. The HLA‐A alleles, A*02:03, A*02:07 and A*11:01, were more common in the southern groups than in the northern groups (0.09 vs 0.02, 0.11 vs 0.04 and 0.34 vs 0.16, respectively, P < 0.05).…”

“…PCA was also performed based on HLA‐A, HLA‐B, HLA‐C and HLA‐DRB1 allele frequencies using spss v16.0 software. Frequency data for other Asian populations were obtained from previous studies: Bulang and Hani , Buyi , Dai , Han in Beijing , Han in Yunnan , Han in Guangdong , Han in Taiwan , Hui , Jinuo and Wa , Maonan , Miao , Tibetan , Zhuang , Japanese , Vietnamese , Thai and Korean . Figure presents the geographic distribution of these 23 Asian populations.…”

“…China is a multi‐ethnic country with 56 officially recognized different groups, the predominant Han group and 55 ethnic groups who inhabit mostly the southwestern and northwestern regions of China . Several previous high‐resolution HLA studies have shown distinct HLA alleles and haplotypes among several Chinese ethnic groups, but most focused on the populations living in the south and southwestern regions . In this study, we selected two ethnic groups, Tu and Yugur, living in northwestern China and compared their HLA profiles to two southwestern ethnic groups, Lisu and Nu, in order to examine their distinct evolutionary histories.…”

Class II HLA allele polymorphism: DRB1, DQB1 and DPB1 alleles and haplotypes in the New Zealand Maori population

“…The DQB1*0302 allele is found at a similar frequency of between 16% and 38% in Polynesian populations (11) but at a much lower frequency of 1.9–3.1% in Chinese populations (28, 15). The average frequency in Caucasian populations is 8.6%, but the rate is highest among South American populations, where it ranges from 5% to 78.3%, with an average frequency of 30.1% and a mean of 26.6%.…”

HLA alleles and haplotypes distribution in Dai population in Yunnan province, Southwest China

“…Nei's standard genetic distances among different populations were also calculated based on the same allele frequency data, and a neighbor-joining tree was constructed using MEGA4.0 software ( Figure 2) (15). High-resolution (four digital) frequency data for other Asian populations were obtained from the previous studies (2,5,6,14,(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34). To analyze the genetic relationship among Dai, Thai and other Kam-Tai-speaking populations in Thailand, PCA was performed and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using low-resolution HLA-A and -B frequency data and high-resolution HLA-DRB1 frequency data from 27 populations in East and Southeast Asian populations (data not shown).…”