Polymorphism and molecular metal phthalocyanine complexes

Abstract

Generalized data and new results characterizing the molecular metal phthalocyanine com plexes with electron donor and π-π complexing agents are presented. It is shown that the crystalline packing of pseudopolymorphs formed by molecular complexes of metal phthalocyanine : ligand = 1 : 2 is similar to the packing of molecules of metal phthalocyanine in the β polymorphic form, while the molecular complex (1 : 1) shows similarity to the α polymorph. The topography of films based on axial and π-π complexes Zn(tert Bu) 4 Pc is evaluated. It is shown that the surface of films based on biligand complexes is generally smooth, flat, and dense, although there are some rather large crystal lites. The topography of the films is not regular, because the π stacking axis of the pseudopolymorphs of β crystallites is situated perpendicularly to the substrate. Films obtained on the basis of monoligand complexes are layered; the layers are perpendicular to the substrate, and the topography of the film is regular, because the π stacking axis of the pseudopolymorphs of α crystallites is parallel to the quartz substrate. An alternative way to obtain metal phthalocyanines of a given polymorphic modification is discussed.

Synthesis and structure of high-quality films of copper polyphthalocyanine – 2D conductive polymer

“…Simulation of the diffraction pattern based on the quantum-chemistry optimized structure shows a good agreement with the experimental data (cell parameters were slightly adjusted to match experimental data: 0.319x1.053 nm). The interlayer distance derived from XRD is 0.319 nm, which is slightly smaller that observed for the monomer (0.34 nm [14]). Thus, we have three estimations for interlayer distance: 0.338 nm …”

Molecular Modulation of Sequestered Copper Sites for Efficient Electroreduction of Carbon Dioxide to Methane

“…All the diffraction peaks are consistent with previous experimental data, suggesting the good product crystallinity and the absence of other Cu‐based species ( Figure a). [ 35,36 ] When examined under scanning electron microscopy (SEM), CuPPc is revealed to consist of submicron‐sized particles with thin flakes attaching to the surfaces (Figure S1, Supporting Information). These flakes are probably exfoliated from the particles, and reflect the inherent 2D molecular structure of CuPPc.…”

Recent Advances in 2D Polymeric Phthalocyanines: Synthesis, Characterization, Applications and New Challenges

“…Most interesting is the stacking mode of PPC layers, which can be different, at least for monomeric PCs. [36] Abel and co-workers studied flakes of single-layer FePPC by scanning tunneling microscopy. [26] This was a very Figure 8.…”