“…[14][15][16] Meanwhile, the use of conjugated polymers can alleviate this issue, and poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)-thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene)-alt-(5,5-(1′,3′-di-2-thienyl-5′,7′bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo [1′,2′-c:4′,5′-c′]dithiophene-4,8-dione))] (PBDB-T), poly[N-9′-heptadecanyl-2,7-car-bazole-alt-5,5-(4′,7′-di-2-thienyl-2′,1′,3′-benzothiadiazole)] (PCDTBT), and poly[[N,N′bis(2-octyldodecyl)-naphthalene-1,4,5,8-bis (dicarboximide)−2,6diyl]-alt-5,5′-(2,2′-bithiophene)] (N2200), which have charge carrier mobility and hydrophobicity, have been used for passivating GBs of perovskite films. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] These polymers generally include Lewis base elements, such as O, N, and S, which form Lewis adducts with Lewis acids, such as under-coordinated Pb 2+ ions, to restore the GBs. [14,16,17,25,26] However, given the ambipolar charge transport characteristics of perovskite materials, previously reported conjugated polymers with one-sided p-type or n-type characteristics can impede opposite charge transport when incorporated into the GBs of perovskite films.…”