Polymerization of lactams. 98: Influence of water on the non-activated polymerization of ε-caprolactam

Bernat, Petr; Hladká, Olga; Fišmanová, Markéta; Roda, Jan; Brožek, Jiřı́

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.10.026

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The initiator represents a key component for the anionic ROP of e-caprolactam and, therefore, influences significantly on the polymerization kinetics and the properties of obtained polymers [5,18,25,[28][29][30]. The results of the comparative study on the activity of CL 2 Mg (in the presence of magnesium halides) and widely used CLMgBr in the activated anionic polymerization of e-caprolactam are presented below.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other magnesium salt of e-caprolactam, magnesium di(e-caprolactamate) (CL 2 Mg), has received insignificant attention as initiator of e-caprolactam polymerization due to its low activity in comparison with CLMgBr [4,5,[27][28][29]. These magnesium salts of e-caprolactam, in comparison with CLNa, are less sensitive to trace of water in the system [30] and also allow to synthesize polyamides with considerably higher thermal stability (especially in the case of using of CL 2 Mg) [5,29] and lower content of cyclic oligomers [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Activated anionic ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactam with magnesium di(ε-caprolactamate) as initiator: effect of magnesium halides

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The activated anionic ring-opening polymerization of e-caprolactam initiated by 0.35 mol% of combined initiator, i.e., equimolar mixture of magnesium di(e-caprolactamate) (CL 2 Mg) with magnesium halides (MgCl 2 , MgBr 2 , and MgI 2 ) as well as of e-caprolactam magnesium bromide (CLMgBr) in the presence of 0.35 mol% of N-acetyl-e-caprolactam as an activator has been investigated in the temperature range 140-200°C. It was found that the reaction rate increased while the apparent activation energy decreased in the following series: CL 2 Mg/ MgCl 2 \ CL 2 Mg/MgBr 2 * CLMgBr \ CL 2 Mg/MgI 2 . In addition, the poly(ecaprolactam)s prepared with CL 2 Mg/MgX 2 (MgX 2 = MgCl 2 , MgBr 2 , and MgI 2 ) are characterized by slightly higher thermal stability than polymers obtained with CLMgBr as initiator. These observations were explained in terms of the coordination of Lewis acids (MgX 2 , where X = Cl, Br, and I) with imide carbonyl of N-acyllactam end groups leading to the increase of their reactivity and stability.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated anionic ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactam with magnesium di(ε-caprolactamate) as initiator: effect of magnesium halides

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These low bonding strengths were induced by leftover moisture on the carbon fiber surface . Despite drying for 12 hours, the moisture remaining on the surface of the carbon fiber disrupted the polymerization by deactivating the catalyst, sodium caprolacmate . Various surface treatments such as plasma, electrochemical, acid and oxidation treatments have been developed to improve the interfacial bonding between carbon fibers and the PA 6 matrix.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, such a system presents many problems for practical application in industry such as uneven polymerization, impregnation, and low interfacial bonding strength between carbon fibers and PA 6 matrix. There are four main factors that influence the polymerization of AROP of ε‐caprolactam: activator, catalyst, curing temperature, and humidity . The AROP process is very sensitive to moisture due to the high basicity of the catalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of thermoplastic resin transfer molding process and flame surface treatment on mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composite

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The thermoplastic resin transfer molding (T‐RTM) process for carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic polymer composites (CFRTP) were experimentally investigated and optimized using high‐pressure resin transfer molding system for mass production. The CFRTP was manufactured by Anionic ring opening polymerization of the T‐RTM process and the curing process was analyzed by in situ cure monitoring using dielectrometry. Mechanical properties, productivity, and crystal structures of the PA 6 matrix and CFRTP were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry, X‐ray diffraction analysis, tensile, and interlaminar shear strength tests. The crystallinity, impregnation quality and process speed were determined by the curing temperature. In addition, a time‐ and cost‐effective flame surface treatment was developed to remove moisture from the carbon fiber and increase the interfacial bonding strength of the CFRTP. As a result, optimal T‐RTM processing conditions were suggested for realizing maximum productivity and mechanical properties for the CFRTP.

show abstract

“…The reaction kinetics of the anionic polymerization to anionic polyamide 6 are widely understood. It is also known that this reaction is very sensitive to external influences such as water or moisture [20,21]. However, there are no models which take these influences into account.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anionic Polymerization of ε-Caprolactam under the Influence of Water: 2. Kinetic Model

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The reaction kinetics of anionic polymerization for the production of anionic polyamide 6 (aPA6) are widely understood. It is also known that this reaction is very sensitive to external influences such as water. This paper analyzes and quantifies the influence of water on the reaction of ε-caprolactam to anionic polyamide 6. A kinetic model is developed in which the reactive molecules of the activator and catalyst are defined as variables and the concentrations of activator and catalyst as well as water content are considered. A model for the calculation of the reaction kinetics is established and validated with experimental data. The developed model can be used to predict the influence and compensation of water by addition of surplus activator and catalyst during the polymerization of ε-caprolactam.

show abstract

Polymerization of lactams. 98: Influence of water on the non-activated polymerization of ε-caprolactam

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Activated anionic ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactam with magnesium di(ε-caprolactamate) as initiator: effect of magnesium halides

Activated anionic ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactam with magnesium di(ε-caprolactamate) as initiator: effect of magnesium halides

Effect of thermoplastic resin transfer molding process and flame surface treatment on mechanical properties of carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6 composite

Anionic Polymerization of ε-Caprolactam under the Influence of Water: 2. Kinetic Model

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About