Polymeric Heterogeneous Catalysts in the Hydroformylation of Unsaturated Compounds

Abstract

This review deals with heterogeneous hydroformylation catalysts, specifically metal complexes fixed in an organic polymer structure. It describes the main catalyst synthesis methods, provides data on hydroformylation of unsaturated compounds (including asymmetric hydroformylation), and shows how those compounds can be used. The special focus is on the systematization of data on heterogeneous catalysts developed on the basis of porous organic polymers. Due to their porous structure, resistance to organic media and the high concentration of heteroatoms they contain, these materials can be considered promising for developing highly active, selective and stable heterogeneous catalysts for hydroformylation of unsaturated compounds, particularly higher linear olefins.

Heterogeneous Catalyst Based on Phosphine-Containing Organic Polymer for Hydroformylation of Octene-1

“…The provision of specific coordination sites in the polymer's structure offers good opportunities for their use in selective synthesis of linear aldehydes or in asymmetric synthesis applications. The available information on the utilization of catalysts based on porous organic polymers in hydroformylation has been systematized in a review paper [20]. The general synthesis method for these polymers comprises the preparation of monomers (specifically, arylphosphine or phosphite derivatives that contain vinyl fragments) followed by their polymerization.…”

Heterogenization of molecular catalysts within porous solids: the case of Ni-catalyzed ethylene oligomerization from zeolites to metal–organic frameworks

“…However, this often requires prior shaping of the solid catalyst with non-trivial materialand application-dependent strategies in order to avoid critical pressure drop, [161][162][163][164] the gas phase testing in fixed-bed reactor being consequently scarcely reported for MOF and POP-based catalysts. [165][166][167] Even with adequate shaping methodologies linked to gas-phases applications, the fast discovery of highperforming MOF and POP-based catalysts by high-throughput testing remains hindered for sophisticated hybrid solids. One main obstacle in this context is their lab-scale synthesis which offers limited options for upscaling considering their synthetic conditions and associated costs which include raw materials, monomers and metal-based active sites, as well as solvents, often toxic, waste produced and number of synthetic steps.…”

Effect of OH-Group Introduction on Gas and Liquid Separation Properties of Polydecylmethylsiloxane

“…The use of tubular membrane hydroformylation reactors will intensify this process by combining the stage of chemical reaction and release of its products [ 40 ]. Various scientific groups are actively developing hydroformylation catalysts immobilized on liquid or solid carriers [ 41 , 42 ]. The use of a membrane reactor in which a porous membrane substrate serves as a catalyst carrier and a selective layer provides noncontinuous removal of aldehydes from the reaction zone will increase the overall performance of the process.…”