Polymeric Cyclosporine-A Nanoparticles for Ocular Application

Solid lipid nanoparticles for ocular drug delivery

“…Although ultracentrifugation is the fastest and easiest method to use, the results obtained are not reliable (Liu et al, 2009). Basaran et al (2009) used a different method to determine the drug contents in SLNs. They melted an accurately weighed amount of SLNs at ∼ 80°C in tightly closed glass tubes containing ethanol.…”

“…One animal used extensively for ocular studies is the rabbit (Hornof et al, 2005), although larger animals are also employed in some studies (Basaran et al, 2009). The rabbit's eye has obvious morphological and physiological differences with the human eye.…”

“…octadecylamine and N-[1-(2, 3-Dioleoyloxy) propyl]-N, N, N-trimethylammonium chloride (DOTAP)) to induce a positive charge on SLNs. Cationic SLNs obtained using these cationic lipids have shown better corneal penetration and gene transfection properties (del Pozo-Rodríguez et al, 2008;Basaran et al, 2009). The enhanced drug penetration through the cornea is probably due to the ionic interaction of cationic particles with negatively charged epithelial cells (Cortesi et al, 2006).…”

“…This in turn reduces the patient's risk of exposure to toxic doses of drugs. SLNs (Cavalli et al, 2002;Li et al, 2008b) Transcutol ® P (Li et al, 2008b) Stearylamine (Li et al, 2008b) Polysorbate 80 (Tween ® 80) (Attama et al, 2008;2009;del Pozo-Rodríguez et al, 2008;Basaran et al, 2009) Soya phosphatidylcholine (Epikuron ® 200) (Cavalli et al, 2002) Sodium taurocholate (Cavalli et al, 2002) are also believed to increase bioavailability of poorly penetrating drugs. Drugs can be incorporated into SLNs through deposition between fatty acid chains, between lipid layers, or in imperfections (Vyas et al, 2008).…”

“…It is a lipophilic agent with limited aqueous solubility (Basaran et al, 2009). It is available in certain topical ocular preparations, but the concentration obtained at the site of action is low and the patient should be tolerant to potential local irritation (Basaran et al, 2009). Hence, Basaran et al (2009) proposed that cationic SLNs would be suitable to improve cyclosporine-A ocular bioavailability.…”