Polymeric Core-Shell Nanoparticles Prepared by Spontaneous Emulsification Solvent Evaporation and Functionalized by the Layer-by-Layer Method

Abstract

The aim of our study was to develop a novel method for the preparation of polymeric core-shell nanoparticles loaded with various actives for biomedical applications. Poly(caprolactone) (PCL), poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles were prepared using the spontaneous emulsification solvent evaporation (SESE) method. The model active substance, Coumarin-6, was encapsulated into formed polymeric nanoparticles, then they were modified/functionalized by multilayer shells’ formation. Three types of multilayered shells were formed: two types of polyelectrolyte shell composed of biocompatible and biodegradable polyelectrolytes poly-L-lysine hydrobromide (PLL), fluorescently-labeled poly-L-lysine (PLL-ROD), poly-L-glutamic acid sodium salt (PGA) and pegylated-PGA (PGA-g-PEG), and hybrid shell composed of PLL, PGA, and SPIONs (superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles) were used. Multilayer shells were constructed by the saturation technique of the layer-by-layer (LbL) method. Properties of our polymeric core-shell nanoparticle were optimized for bioimaging, passive and magnetic targeting.

Polymeric Nanoparticles: Production, Characterization, Toxicology and Ecotoxicology

“…After the solvent has evaporated, the solidified nanoparticles can be washed and collected by centrifugation, followed by freeze-drying for long-term storage. This method allows the creation of nanospheres [9].…”

“…Examples of drugs/bioactive ingredients loaded in polymeric nanoparticles are depicted in Table 1. PCL, PLA, PLGA Coumarin-6 (C-6) nanospheres; C-6-loaded polymeric core-shell NPs (polymeric core-multilayer polyelectrolyte shell NPs), obtained by prepared by the spontaneous emulsification solvent drug delivery, theranostics, or bioimaging [9] PLGA Rapamycin nanospheres; Rapamycin-loaded polysorbate 80-coated PLGA NPs anti-glioma activity [10] AcDex Hyperforin nanospheres; Hyperforin-loaded AcDex-based NPs formulated via single emulsion/solvent evaporationusing ethyl acetate and water anti-inflammatory activity [11] PLGA Fenofibrate (Feno)…”

“…nanospheres; PLGA-Feno NPs diabetic retinopathy, neovascular age-related macular degeneration (ocular neovascularization) [12] biopolymer of PCL Amphotericin B nanocapsules; anti-leishmanial [13] PCL, PLA, PLGA Coumarin-6 (C-6) nanospheres; C-6-loaded polymeric core-shell NPs (polymeric core-multilayer polyelectrolyte shell NPs), obtained by prepared by the spontaneous emulsification solvent evaporation method drug delivery, theranostics, or bioimaging [9] PLGA Rapamycin nanospheres; Rapamycin-loaded polysorbate 80-coated PLGA NPs anti-glioma activity [10] AcDex Hyperforin nanospheres; Hyperforin-loaded AcDex-based NPs formulated via single emulsion/solvent evaporationusing ethyl acetate and water anti-inflammatory activity [11] PLGA Fenofibrate (Feno) nanospheres; PLGA-Feno NPs diabetic retinopathy, neovascular age-related macular degeneration (ocular neovascularization) [12] biopolymer of PCL Amphotericin B (Amp B) nanocapsules; PCL-NCs loaded with Amp B, obtained by nanoprecipitation method anti-leishmanial (Leishmania infections), anti-fungal [13] [22] Abbreviations: AcDex-acetalated dextran; F108-poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide); NCs-nanocapsules; NPs-nanoparticles; PCL-poly(ε-caprolactone); PEG-poly(ethylene glycol); PLA-poly(lactic acid); PLGA-poly(lactide-co-glycolide).…”

Polymer Capsules with Hydrophobic Liquid Cores as Functional Nanocarriers

“…The numerous studies on polymer nanoparticles/nanocapsules claim their potential for passive targeting. Specifically, Szczęch and Szczepanowicz showed well-characterized polymeric core-shell nanocapsules to be vehicles capable of encapsulating various hydrophobic compounds for biomedical applications [ 111 ]. The multilayered capsules were obtained using the LbL method and further functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains.…”

Electrosprayed Ultra-Thin Coating of Ethyl Cellulose on Drug Nanoparticles for Improved Sustained Release

“…Based on the present protocols, there are some new strategies that can be applied for developing novel polymer coating NPs. For example, a wide variety of raw materials can be explored to modify the traditional NPs through electrospraying [75][76][77]. In this study, the coating material was EC but, apparently, many other polymers and lipids can be similarly utilized to coat the medicated NPs.…”