Polymer PLC as an Optical Integration Bench

Keil, Norbert; Zawadzki, C.; Zhang, Ziyang; Wang, Jin; Mettbach, Nelson; Grote, N.; Schell, Martin

doi:10.1364/ofc.2011.owm1

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Nevertheless the requirements for the alignment tolerances are still strict requiring elaborate coupling schemes. This can be overcome by using integrated U-grooves [1]. Deeply etched U-grooves as shown in Fig.…”

Section: U-grooves For Passive Fiber-to-chip Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently the polymer-based hybrid integration platform PolyBoard has been established, in which low-loss polymer waveguide components have been developed as well as coupling methods with InPbased active components [1,2]. Thin-film elements (TFEs) can be inserted for compact and efficient wavelength multiplexing, polarization rotation, splitting and combining.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent progress in InP/polymer-based devices for telecom and data center applications

et al. 2015

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Recent progress on polymer-based photonic devices and hybrid photonic integration technology using InP-based active components is presented. High performance thermo-optic components, including compact polymer variable optical attenuators and switches are powerful tools to regulate and control the light flow in the optical backbone. Polymer arrayed waveguide gratings integrated with InP laser and detector arrays function as low-cost optical line terminals (OLTs) in the WDM-PON network. External cavity tunable lasers combined with C/L band thin-film filter, on-chip U-groove and 45 degrees mirrors construct a compact, bi-directional and color-less optical network unit (ONU). A tunable laser integrated with VOAs, TFEs and two 90 degrees hybrids builds the optical front-end of a colorless, dual-polarization coherent receiver. Multicore polymer waveguides and multi-step 45 degrees mirrors are demonstrated as bridging devices between the spatial-division-multiplexing transmission technology using multi-core fibers and the conventional PLC-based photonic platforms, appealing to the fast development of dense 3D photonic integration

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Section: U-grooves For Passive Fiber-to-chip Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress in InP/polymer-based devices for telecom and data center applications

et al. 2015

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“…Also, passive fiber alignment and attachment is feasible in a fairly simple manner [1] and [2]. In our work, polymer waveguides were fabricated by using standard reactive ion etching (RIE) technique, Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer waveguide based hybrid opto-electric integration technology

et al. 2014

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While monolithic integration especially based on InP appears to be quite an expensive solution for optical devices, hybrid integration solutions using cheaper material platforms are considered powerful competitors because of the high freedom of design, yield optimization and relative cost-efficiency. Among them, the polymer planar-lightwave circuit (PLC) technology is regarded attractive as polymer offers the potential of fairly simple and low-cost fabrication, and of low-cost packaging. In our work, polymer PLC was fabricated by using the standard reactive ion etching (RIE) technique, while other active and passive devices can be integrated on the polymer PLC platform. Exemplary polymer waveguide devices was a 13-channel arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) chip, where the central channel cross-talk was below -30dB and the polarization dependent frequency shift was mitigated by inserting a half wave plate. An optical 90 0 hybrid was also realized with one 2×4 multi-mode interferometer (MMI). The excess insertion losses are below 4dB for the C-band, while the transmission imbalance is below 1.2dB. When such an optical hybrid was integrated vertically with mesa-type photodiodes, the responsivity of the individual PD was around 0.06 A/W, while the 3 dB bandwidth reaches 24 ~ 27 GHz, which is sufficient for 100Gbit/s receivers. Another example of the hybrid integration was to couple the polymer waveguides to fiber by applying fiber grooves, whose typical loss value was 0.2 dB per-facet over a broad spectral range from 1200-1600 nm.

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“…While monolithic integration especially based on InP appears to be quite an expensive solution for such direct receivers, hybrid integration solutions using cheaper material platforms are considered powerful competitors because of the high freedom of design, yield optimization and relative cost-efficiency. For such hybrid-integration, polymer PLC technology is regarded attractive because it offers the potential of fairly simple and low-cost fabrication involving low-temperature processes, and of low-cost packaging mainly because passive fiber alignment and attachment is feasible in a fairly simple manner [2], [3]. Meanwhile, great progress has been made in polymers to meet industry reliability requirement [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying direct DQPSK receiver with integrated photodiode array by assessing an adapted common-mode rejection ratio

et al. 2011

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In this work, a direct DQPSK receiver was fabricated, which comprises a polymer waveguide based delay-line interferometer (DLI); a polymer based optical hybrid, and two monolithic pairs of > 25 GHz bandwidth photodiodes that are vertically coupled to the polymer planar lightwave circuit (PLC) via integrated 45Y mirrors. The common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) is used to characterize the performance of coherent receivers, by indicating the electrical power balance between the balanced detectors. However, the standard CMRR can only be measured when the PDs can be illuminated separately. Also, the standard CMRR does not take into account the errors in the relative phases of the receiver outputs. We introduce an adapted CMRR to characterize the direct receiver, which takes into account the unequal responsivities of the PDs, the uneven split of the input power by the DLI and hybrid, the phase error and the extinction ratio of the DLI and hybrid

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Polymer PLC as an Optical Integration Bench

Abstract: A polymer-based photonic toolbox is presented, in which fiber grooves, waveguides, thin film elements and 45°mirrors can be combined for hybrid integration with active components. The toolbox provides solutions for polarization control and 90°hybrids.

Cited by 21 publications

References 4 publications

Recent progress in InP/polymer-based devices for telecom and data center applications

Recent progress in InP/polymer-based devices for telecom and data center applications

Polymer waveguide based hybrid opto-electric integration technology

Quantifying direct DQPSK receiver with integrated photodiode array by assessing an adapted common-mode rejection ratio

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