Polymer host materials for optical limiting

Conjugated polymer-fullerene blend with strong optical limiting in the near-infrared

“…The high damage thresholds of the DOP based blends are likely the result of the viscoelastic gel-like behavior of the blends. High damage thresholds have previously been reported for elastomeric and viscoelastic gel hosts containing nonlinear optical dyes [33][34][35]. Such gel-like solid solutions are able to better dissipate the shocks associated with high fluence exposures and recover from transient deformations as compared to stiffer host materials.…”

Optical Properties of Hybrid Organic‐Inorganic Materials and their Applications

“…In the same period investigations on the use of polymeric matrices were reported. [327,328,338] Several important works appeared then during the past 15 years. P. Innocenzi and co-workers reported the entrapment of functionalized fullerenes in inorganic matrices for optical limiting.…”

Plasmonic Bipyramidal Au Nanoparticles Enhance Near-Infrared Nonlinear Absorption of Dyes Confined in Sol–Gel Materials: Implications for the Safe Utilization of Lasers

“…5,13,16 While some approaches report thin film materials, [17][18][19][20][21] the use of 3D monolithic materials appears as a credible alternative to thin films since they allow better localisation of the focal point in the core of the active material. Most of the reported monolithic materials, for visible wavelengths applications are based on organic polymers, 5,8,[22][23][24][25][26] sol-gel hybrid glasses [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] or sodium−zinc borate glass doped with gold nanoparticles.To the best of our knowledge the two only reports on 3D monolithic solid-state nonlinear optical limiters, operating in the short-wave infrared (SWIR), which is a promising range for the development light detection and ranging (LIDAR) systems working at the eye safe wavelength of 1550 nm, are by our group, on sol-gel derived materials. [39][40] In most cases, silica based matrices are favoured over organic polymer matrices due to higher damage threshold and nonlinear parameters (n2, β, Re[χ (3) ], Im[χ (3) ]).…”

“…Even if some of them are efficient in solution, there is a requirement for integration into solid materials to fulfill the field application criteria. , Regarding the design of solid-state materials, publications are remaining scarce and essentially limited to visible wavelengths. ,, While some approaches report thin film materials, − the use of three-dimensional (3D) monolithic materials appears as a credible alternative to thin films because they allow better localization of the focal point in the core of the active material. Most of the reported monolithic materials for visible wavelength applications are based on organic polymers, ,,− sol–gel hybrid glasses, − or sodium–zinc borate glass doped with gold nanoparticles (NPs) . To the best of our knowledge, the two only reports on 3D monolithic solid-state nonlinear optical limiters, operating in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) range, which is a promising range for the development of light detection and ranging systems working at the eye safe wavelength of 1550 nm, are by our group, on sol–gel derived materials. , In most cases, silica-based matrices are favored over organic polymer matrices because of a higher damage threshold and nonlinear parameters ( n 2 , β, Re­[χ (3) ], Im­[χ (3) ]). , Low compatibility and solubility of dyes in the sol–gel host matrices are often limitations because the optical performances are concentration-dependent.…”