Polymer encapsulation of surface-modified carbon blacks using surfactant-free emulsion polymerisation

Casado, Rosa M.; Lovell, Peter A.; Navabpour, Parnia; Stanford, J. L.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2007.02.063

Cited by 39 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This happens either by the change in nature of the grafted phase (grafted molecules density or partial crosslinking) or by the increasing of the radicals transfer on the CNT's walls. These results are consistent with previously published data with similar systems (with carbon black, by bulk‐suspension process, aqueous deposition polymerization method, or with SWCNTs) …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…4,13 There are a considerable number of published reports in the area of monomer polymerization in an aqueous dispersion medium. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] The initial monomer dispersions were performed in emulsions, [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] microemulsions, 29 dispersions, 30 suspensions, [34][35][36][37][38] and aqueous solutions. 39,40 The literature presents only a few works 21,31,32 for miniemulsion polymerization [styrene (St) and styrene-isoprene] in presence of single walled CNTs and none of them with MWCNTs for polystyrene (PS), St-acrylonitrile copolymer and polymethylmethacrylate matrixes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanocomposites based on MWCNT and polystyrene, styrene‐acrylonitrile copolymer, or polymethylmethacrylate, obtained by miniemulsion polymerization

Donescu

Corobea

Petcu

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Free radical miniemulsion polymerization of styrene (St), St/acrylonitrile 3 : 1 mixture or methylmethacrylate in the presence of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) was proven as a convenient way to obtain homogenous hybrids with perspectives in associated applications like foams specialties materials. Miniemulsion polymerization was viable up to 2% wt. MWCNT to monomer, without agglomerations. The grafting on MWCNT during the polymerization occurs without the need for supplementary functionalization and the polymer grafted nanotubes showed stable dispersions in the polymer solvent. Monomer polarity affected the grafting ability during the polymerization process. The nanocomposites obtained after purification and drying were used in foaming process. MWCNT presence in the related nanocomposites decreased the pore sizes in foam‐like materials (for all three different matrices). At 1 wt % MWCNT content, low density (< 0.3 g/cm3), low pore size (< 10 μm) and high cell density (>109 cell/cm3) were achieved. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 41148.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocomposites based on MWCNT and polystyrene, styrene‐acrylonitrile copolymer, or polymethylmethacrylate, obtained by miniemulsion polymerization

Donescu

Corobea

Petcu

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Similar to the case of micro-size particles, surface treatment of inorganic nanoparticles can be conducted by either physical or chemical method. The former deals with surfactant treatment [6] and polymer encapsulation [7], while the later is related to coupling agent treatment [8][9] and graft polymerization [10][11][12][13][14]. Comparatively, the effect of surface modification based on chemical interaction is more significant, as it provides stronger interaction between modifiers and nanoparticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of nano-Si3N4 surface treatment on the tribological performance of epoxy composite

Luo

Yu²,

Dong³

et al. 2010

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract.To overcome the disadvantages generated by the loose nano-partilce agglomerates dispersed in polymer composites, a chemical grafting method was applied to modify nano-Si3N4 by covalently bonding glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto the particles. The tribological behavior of the epoxy composite filled with nano-Si3N4 or GMA treated Si3N4 (Si3N4-g-PGMA) was studied using a ring-on-block wear tester under dry sliding, and the worn surface of the filled epoxy composite and the surface roughness of the composites after the sliding wear test were investigated by SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and AFM (atomic force microscopy), respectively. In comparison to the composites filled with untreated nano-Si3N4 particles, the composites with the grafted nano-Si3N4 exhibit improved sliding wear resistance and reduced friction coefficient owing to the chemical bonding at the filler/matrix interface.

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“…It is obviously observed that pure CB has little weight loss before 800°C. This is because the “graphite‐like” special structure of CB possesses extraordinary thermal stability , as shown in Scheme . Nevertheless, modified carbon black particles have a noticeable weight loss from 220 to 350°C.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure shows the SEM photos of CB and MCB at micron size. As we know, the original particle size of CB is nanosized . However, CB particles tend to aggregate due to its high surface energy, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of polystyrene/modified carbon black composite beads via in situ suspension polymerization

Zheng

Sun

et al. 2013

Polym. Compos.

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A facile and effective method was introduced into this article to modify carbon black (CB). Fourier‐transform infrared spectrum demonstrates the chemical structure of CB has obviously changed after surface modification. Compared with pure CB, the thermogravimetric analysis illustrates thermal behavior of modified CB (MCB) exhibits a well‐defined difference from CB. Besides, aggregation phenomenon existed in CB is weakened evidently after surface modification. A series of polystyrene (PS) composite beads in presence of MCB were synthesized via in situ suspension polymerization process. The effects of benzoyl peroxide dosage and MCB dosage on the polymerization time of PS composite beads were systematically researched. After modification, the inhibition effect of MCB on the polymerization of PS/MCB composite beads is obviously weakened. The dispersion of MCB in PS/MCB composite beads is greatly improved than that of CB in PS/CB composite beads. Moreover, PS/MCB beads have the better thermal stability than that of PS and PS/CB composite beads. POLYM. COMPOS., 34:1110–1118, 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Polymer encapsulation of surface-modified carbon blacks using surfactant-free emulsion polymerisation

Cited by 39 publications

References 20 publications

Nanocomposites based on MWCNT and polystyrene, styrene‐acrylonitrile copolymer, or polymethylmethacrylate, obtained by miniemulsion polymerization

Nanocomposites based on MWCNT and polystyrene, styrene‐acrylonitrile copolymer, or polymethylmethacrylate, obtained by miniemulsion polymerization

Effect of nano-Si3N4 surface treatment on the tribological performance of epoxy composite

Preparation and characterization of polystyrene/modified carbon black composite beads via in situ suspension polymerization

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