Polyindole and polypyrrole as a sustainable platform for environmental remediation and sensor applications

Thadathil, Anjitha; Pradeepa, Hareesh; Joshy, D.; Ismail, Yahya A.; Periyat, Pradeepan

doi:10.1039/d2ma00022a

Cited by 47 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 291 publications

(595 reference statements)

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“…Its thermogram . of is shown in Figure (6). The thermal decomposition occurs in continuous process, The thermal analysis was carried out at temperatures between 10-775°C, the final product was CeP 2 O 7 .…”

Section: Xrd and Ft-r Of Ncep Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conducting polymers are a novel class of synthetic metals (called materials of 21 st Century) that combine the chemical, electrochemical and mechanical properties of polymers with the electronic properties of metals and semiconductors, generated tremendous interest due to their potential applications in various fields such as rechargeable batteries, electrochromic display devices, separation membranes, sensors and anticorrosive coatings on metal [1,2], The biggest advantage of conductive polymers is their process ability , low cost , and thermal stability, Kucheldorf, et al [2], Molapo, et al [3], Lu, et al [4].. Thier electrical and electrochemical properties show great promise for commercial applications Molapo, et al [3], Sapurina and Shishov [5], Thadathil, et al [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on Electrochemical Properties of Polycarbazole Prepared Via Self-Support Polymerization and Self-Doping

Shakshooki¹,

El-Akari²,

Abouderbala³

et al. 2023

AJC

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Mixed glassy zirconium-tin phosphate, g-Zr0.64.Sn.0.36(HPO4)2.3H2O(g-ZrSnP), nano fibrous cerium phosphate, Ce(HPO4)2 2,9H2O(nCePf), and mixed glassy zirconium-tin phosphate / fibrous cerium phosphate nanocomposite membrane, [g-Zr0.64 Sn0.36 (HPO4)2]0.25 [Ce(HPO4)2]0.75 ..4.43H2O, were prepared and characterized. By chemical , x-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR), Zirconium tin mole ratio were estimated using (EDAX). Novel [g-Zr0.64 Sn0.36 (HPO4)2]0.25 [Ce(HPO4)2]0.75 / polycarbazole nanocomposite membrane was prepared via self-support polymerization of carbazole, which was promoted by the reduction of Ce(iv) phosphate present in the inorganic matrix. Possible explanation is nCePf present on the surface of the nanocomposite is attacked by carbazole, converted to cerium (III) orthophosphate(CePO4). The resultant polycarbazole was characterized by C,H,N analysis, SEM ,FT-IR. UV-Vis and electrical conductance measurements. From elemental (C,H,N) analysis, the amount of polycarbazole present in the composite found to be (2.15 % in wt.). Polycarbazole is considered as one of modern material used in solar cells, furthermore it has become an important material for optoelectronic applications in recent years. The dc conductivity of polycarbazole nanocomposite membrane at 280C (using RC-Circuit) found to be equal to 3x10-5 Scm-1, range of semi-conductors. We suggest self-doping occurred on polymerization, which is due to H+ present in (O3POH)2 groups of [g-Zr0.64 Sn0.36 (HPO4)2]0.25. The electrochemistry of resultant polycarbazole in acetonitrile solution for a range of concentrations from 1.06 x10-4 to 2.19 x 10–3 mol dm-3 was carried out using CV techniques. Investigation of its electrochemical properties affords insight into the mechanisms for their oxidation and reduction, therefore provides the basis for evaluating the stabilities of the material and for designing novel polycarbazole-derived materials with desired properties as well as new devices. That will be discussed.

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Section: Xrd and Ft-r Of Ncep Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Electrochemical Properties of Polycarbazole Prepared Via Self-Support Polymerization and Self-Doping

Shakshooki¹,

El-Akari²,

Abouderbala³

et al. 2023

AJC

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“…Thus, such 2D materials are promising for the realization of an efficient catalytic process. , However, FeOOH-based materials suffer from restacking and agglomeration tendency due to the magnetic nature of the nanosheets. Therefore, research have been focused on the introduction of conducting polymers containing π-conjugated frameworks such as polyaniline (PANI), polyindole (PIn), polythiophene (PTs), and polypyrrole (PPy) for environmental remediation, which exhibit the advantages of both stopping the agglomeration of nanosheets and increasing the optical properties of the material . Among these four, polypyrrole is a potential candidate in photocatalysis and electrocatalysis owing to its excellent biocompatibility, good electrical conductivity, and ability to absorb visible light. , Moreover, in a PPy supported heterostructure photocatalyst, PPy can act as electron and hole acceptors, further improving the charge-carrier transportation and separation in the photocatalyst …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Synthesis of Carbon Dot Deposited γ-FeOOH Nanosheet/Polypyrrole Composite: A Robust Photocatalyst for Degradation of Antibiotics under Sunlight Irradiation with Enhanced Antibacterial Activity

Sarkar

Padhi

Kumari

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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This work reports the fabrication of a nanocomposite using carbon dotdeposited γ-FeOOH/polypyrrole composite through a facile in situ growth of γ-FeOOH, polymerization of pyrrole, and deposition of carbon dots (CDs) in a single pot along with its application as a photocatalyst toward degradation of antibiotics under sunlight irradiation. Here, the expired pharmaceutical drugs (waste) were used as a source of the synthesis of CDs to realize a "waste-to-wealth" approach. A series of nanocomposites (PFL/CDs-x; x = 1, 2, 3, and 4) with different γ-FeOOH content have been synthesized, and their photocatalytic activity was studied. Among all composites, PFL/CDs-2 exhibited the highest degradation efficiency of 97% within 90 min. The optimized γ-FeOOH and CD content in PFL/CDs-2 enhanced light trapping, charge separation, surface area, and formation of distinct heterojunction, indicating it as a promising candidate in photocatalysis. The excellent photocatalytic activity of PFL/CDs-2 can be attributed to synergistic enhancement of the light harvesting due to slow photon effect of the γ-FeOOH nanosheet and the inhibited recombination rate of photoexcited charge carriers based on a Z-scheme photocatalytic mechanism. In addition, the antibacterial potential of the synthesized nanocomposite was studied against Bacillus pumilus (Grampositive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) bacteria. Moreover, the PFL/CDs-2 composite was found to be magnetically separable and recycled without a significant loss of photocatalytic efficiency after four cycles, indicating the high reusability and stability of the photocatalyst.

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“…NiO and ZnO have high theoretical specific capacitance, unusual redox activity, and are low-cost and toxic. Their metal oxides are known to improve the specific surface area and electrical properties by changing the morphology and structural properties compared to bare polyindole [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyindole Embedded Nickel/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites for High-Performance Energy Storage Applications

et al. 2023

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Conducting polymers integrated with metal oxides create opportunities for hybrid capacitive electrodes. In this work, we report a one-pot oxidative polymerization for the synthesis of integrated conductive polyindole/nickel oxide (PIn/NiO), polyindole/zinc oxide (PIn/ZnO), and polyindole/nickel oxide/zinc oxide (PNZ). The polymers were analyzed thoroughly for their composition and physical as well as chemical properties by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The PIn and its composites were processed into electrodes, and their use in symmetrical supercapacitors in two- and three-electrode setups was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The best electrochemical charge storage capability was found for the ternary PNZ composite. The high performance directly correlates with its uniformly shaped nanofibrous structure and high crystallinity. For instance, the symmetrical supercapacitor fabricated with PNZ hybrid electrodes shows a high specific capacitance of 310.9 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 with an energy density of 42.1 Wh kg−1, a power density of 13.2 kW kg−1, and a good cycling stability of 78.5% after 5000 cycles. This report presents new electrode materials for advanced supercapacitor technology based on these results.

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Polyindole and polypyrrole as a sustainable platform for environmental remediation and sensor applications

Abstract: Conducting polymer (CPs), so-called Nobel Prize-winning materials, opened an exciting area of research owing to their substantial electrical conductivity, unique structures, new composite materials, and has wide applications ranging from...

Cited by 47 publications

References 291 publications

Studies on Electrochemical Properties of Polycarbazole Prepared Via Self-Support Polymerization and Self-Doping

Studies on Electrochemical Properties of Polycarbazole Prepared Via Self-Support Polymerization and Self-Doping

Facile Synthesis of Carbon Dot Deposited γ-FeOOH Nanosheet/Polypyrrole Composite: A Robust Photocatalyst for Degradation of Antibiotics under Sunlight Irradiation with Enhanced Antibacterial Activity

Polyindole Embedded Nickel/Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites for High-Performance Energy Storage Applications

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