“…(ii) These bio-ligands are difficult to immobilise in the proper orientation; (iii) antibody may leak from the matrix and such contamination cannot, of course, be tolerated in clinical applications. In addition, the depletion of IgG in human serum is employed successfully for the treatment of immune disorders including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, myasthenia gravis, alloimmunization and cancer [10][11][12][13][14].…”