Polyhexamethylene guanidine as a fungicide, disinfectant and wound protector in lemons challenged with Penicillium digitatum

Cai

et al. 2019

Plants

Pinocembroside (PiCB) isolated from Ficus hirta Vahl. fruit was studied herein with the aim to find the potential mechanism for significant inhibition of growth of Penicillium digitatum, a causative pathogen of citrus green mold disease. PiCB substantially inhibited mycelial growth of P. digitatum, with the observed half maximal effective concentration (EC 50 ), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 120.3, 200, and 400 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, PiCB altered hyphal morphology and cellular morphology by breaking and shrinking of mycelia, decomposing cell walls, cytoplasmic inclusions. In addition to, a non-targeted metabolomics analysis by UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS was also performed, which revealed that PiCB treatment notably disrupted the metabolisms of amino acids, lipids, fatty acids, TCA, and ribonucleic acids, thereby contributing to membrane peroxidation. Current findings provide a new perception into the antifungal mechanism of PiCB treatment in inhibiting P. digitatum growth through membrane peroxidation.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS-Based Metabolomics Approach Reveals the Antifungal Potential of Pinocembroside against Citrus Green Mold Phytopathogen

Cai

et al. 2019

Plants

“…Koffi-Nevry et al [15] observed that PHMG has strong antifungal activity against species in the genera Mucor, Botrytis, Penicillium, Geotrichum, Aspergillus and Colletotrichum isolated from papaya. Recently, Olemedo et al [16] found that immersing lemons in 500 mg/L PHMG for 30 s can completely prevent decay caused by Penicillium digitatum, with a significantly higher disinfection efficacy than that of the commonly used sodium hypochlorite, even in the presence of 1% organic matter. In 2009, PHMG was approved as a food sanitizer (can directly contact the food material) by the National Health Commission of the People's Republic Health of China [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disinfection of Ready-to-Eat Lettuce Using Polyhexamethylene Guanidine Hydrochloride

Wang

Dong³

2020

Microorganisms

As a novel and safe sanitizer, polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG) has been used to inhibit the spoilage of agricultural products caused by fungi. However, little is known about its antibacterial effects on vegetables. In this study, we evaluated the disinfection efficacy of PHMG on ready-to-eat lettuce. PHMG (150-200 mg/L) treatment for 5 min was optimal for lettuce disinfection. Compared to several household sanitizers (vinegar: 1% acetic acid; kettle descaler: 1% citric acid; "84" disinfectant: 200 mg/L sodium hypochlorite), PHMG showed the greatest reductions in Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, aerobic mesophilic counts, aerobic psychrotrophic counts and molds and yeasts. Quality analysis of color (as determined by L*, a* and b*) and determination of electrolyte leakage indicated that PHMG did not cause any additional quality loss as compared to other household sanitizers. These results provide a reference for the application of PHMG as a vegetable sanitizer at the ready-to-eat stage.

“…PHMG is able to eliminate bacteria and some viruses, fungi and unicellular algae. The mechanism of action is that PHMG destabilises the osmotic equilibrium and destructs the cytoplasmic membrane in bacteria or fungi [11]. It was also reported a cooperative binding between guanidine derivatives and DNA, and inhibition the activity of enzyme systems, indicating that antibacterial effect might be also related to other interaction [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently guanidine derivatives with biocidal activity are mainly used as disinfectant in human eye infections and wound care, as water treatmentsand in swimming pools, the disinfection of various solid surfaces, and the impregnation of fabrics [14,15]. PHMG has been proposed too as a safe and highly effective fungicide and disinfectant in fruits challenged with mould [11,16]. PHMG derivatives insoluble in water are used as resin and paint coatings or as additives to plastics such as polycarbonate and polyamide [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Antifungal Activity of Polyhexamethyleneguanidine Derivatives Introduced into Biodegradable Polymers

et al. 2019

Experiments were conducted to investigate the antifungal activities of polyhexamethyleneguanidine (PHMG) derivatives introduced into polylactide (PLA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and polycaprolactone (PCL) against Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum and Candida albicans. All of the PHMG derivatives inhibited the germination of A. niger and P. chrysogenum. All of the derivatives exerted a much stronger inhibitory effect on the cells of C. albicans. PHMG granular polyethylene wax (at the concentration of 1.0%) has a fungicidal effect. The reduction in the number of yeast cells capable of growing on the surface composites PLA, PHB and PCL with PHMG granular polyethylene wax for 24 h was R > 2. PHMG derivatives introduced into PLA decreased hydrolases activity in A. niger and P. chrysogenum. All of the PHMG derivatives introduced into all investigated polymers inhibited the hydrolases activity in C. albicans proportionately to concentration. PHMG granular polyethylene wax at a concentration of 1.0% most strongly inhibited hydrolases activity in yeast. The composites produced from PLA, PHB, PCL and this PHMG derivatives can be used in many areas to reduce the growth of yeast. The studied composites can potentially be used for the production of biomedical or packaging materials.