Polygenic adaptation from standing genetic variation allows rapid ecotype formation

Fuhrmann, Nico; Prakash, Celine; Kaiser, Tobias S

doi:10.1101/2021.04.16.440113

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 94 publications

(136 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Hence, both QTL on chromosome 1 suggest a close connection of 14 circadian and circalunar time-keeping. This is backed by recent findings in Baltic and Arctic Clunio strains, for which genomic analysis of the loss of lunar rhythms also implied circadian GO terms as the top candidates for affecting circalunar time-keeping, followed by GO terms involved in nervous system development 32 . Thus, our data not only call for a new evaluation of the genetic architectures underlying magic traits, but also give hints to the genetic basis of the yet enigmatic circalunar clock.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

An oligogenic architecture underlying ecological and reproductive divergence in sympatric populations

Brisevac

Peralta

Kaiser

2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The evolutionary trajectories and genetic architectures underlying ecological divergence with gene flow are poorly understood. Sympatric timing types of the intertidal insect Clunio marinus (Diptera) from Roscoff (France) differ in lunar reproductive timing. One type reproduces at full moon, the other at new moon, controlled by a circalunar clock of yet unknown molecular nature. Lunar reproductive timing is a magic trait for a sympatric speciation process, as it is both ecologically relevant and entails assortative mating. Here we show that the difference in reproductive timing is controlled by at least four quantitative trait loci (QTL) on three different chromosomes. They are partly associated with complex inversions, but differentiation of the inversion haplotypes cannot explain the different phenotypes. The most differentiated locus in the entire genome, with QTL support, is the period locus, implying that this gene could not only be involved in circadian timing but also in lunar timing. Our data indicate that magic traits can be based on an oligogenic architecture and can be maintained by selection on several unlinked loci.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

An oligogenic architecture underlying ecological and reproductive divergence in sympatric populations

Brisevac

Peralta

Kaiser

2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2007, 2011), as well as marine midge populations living in different phenological niches (Fuhrmann et al. 2021). One possible explanation for weak, localized genetic isolation in these systems is if temporal barriers are commonly conditionally dependent, and therefore unstable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3C), which would have been expected if a rearrangement differed in frequency and was helping maintain high fitness genotypes by preventing recombination (Kirkpatrick and Barton 2006). Shallow phenology-associated genetic structure is also seen in other insect systems, for example, summer and winter forms of the pine processionary moth (Santos et al 2007(Santos et al , 2011, as well as marine midge populations living in different phenological niches (Fuhrmann et al 2021). One possible explanation for weak, localized genetic isolation in these systems is if temporal barriers are commonly conditionally dependent, and therefore unstable.…”

Section: Phenology Divergence Alonementioning

confidence: 97%

Consequences of coupled barriers to gene flow for the build‐up of genomic differentiation

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Theory predicts that when different barriers to gene flow become coincident, their joint effects enhance reproductive isolation and genomic divergence beyond their individual effects, but empirical tests of this "coupling" hypothesis are rare. Here, we analyze patterns of gene exchange among populations of European corn borer moths that vary in the number of acting barriers, allowing for comparisons of genomic variation when barrier traits or loci are in coincident or independent states. We find that divergence is mainly restricted to barrier loci when populations differ by a single barrier, whereas the coincidence of temporal and behavioral barriers is associated with divergence of two chromosomes harboring barrier loci. Furthermore, differentiation at temporal barrier loci increases in the presence of behavioral divergence and differentiation at behavioral barrier loci increases in the presence of temporal divergence. Our results demonstrate how the joint action of coincident barrier effects leads to levels of genomic differentiation that far exceed those of single barriers acting alone, consistent with theory arguing that coupling allows indirect selection to combine with direct selection and thereby lead to a stronger overall barrier to gene flow. Thus, the state of barriersindependent or coupled-strongly influences the accumulation of genomic differentiation.

show abstract

“…A detailed analysis suggests that in one of the populations the JAK/STAT pathway and gravitaxis may play a prominent role in the detection of tidal turbulence. While in Baltic and Northern European populations complete lunar arrhythmicity seems to be a highly polygenic trait (Fuhrmann et al), the selective loss of sensitivity to a zeitgeber seems to have a less complex, oligogenic basis. If in the future tools for molecular manipulation of Clunio are developed, this setting is a good starting point to identify novel genes and pathways involved in mechanosensation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis of a phenotypic loss in the mechanosensory entrainment of a circalunar clock

Brisevac

Prakash

Kaiser

2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Genetic variants underlying traits that become either non-adaptive or selectively neutral are expected to have altered evolutionary trajectories. Uncovering genetic signatures associated with phenotypic loss presents the opportunity to discover the molecular basis for the phenotype in populations where it persists. Here we study circalunar clocks in populations of marine midge Clunio marinus. The circalunar clock synchronizes development to the lunar phase, and it is set by moonlight and tidal cycles of mechanical agitation. Two out of ten studied populations have lost their sensitivity to mechanical agitation while preserving sensitivity to moonlight. Intriguingly, the F1 offspring of the two insensitive populations regained the sensitivity to mechanical entrainment, implying a genetically independent loss of the phenotype. By combining quantitative trait locus mapping and genome-wide screens, we explored the genetics of this phenotypic loss. QTL analysis suggested an oligogenic origin with one prevalent additive locus in one of the strains. In addition, it confirmed a distinct genetic architecture in the two insensitive populations. Genomic screens further uncovered several candidate genes underlying QTL regions. The strongest signal under the most prominent QTL contains a duplicated STAT1 gene, which has a well-established role in development, and CG022363, an ortholog of the Drosophila melanogaster CG32100 gene, which plays a role in gravitaxis. Our results support the notion that adaptive phenotypes have a complex genetic basis with mutations occurring at several loci. By dissecting the most prevalent signals, we started to reveal the molecular machinery responsible for the entrainment of the circalunar clock.

show abstract

Polygenic adaptation from standing genetic variation allows rapid ecotype formation

Cited by 7 publications

References 94 publications

An oligogenic architecture underlying ecological and reproductive divergence in sympatric populations

An oligogenic architecture underlying ecological and reproductive divergence in sympatric populations

Consequences of coupled barriers to gene flow for the build‐up of genomic differentiation

Genetic analysis of a phenotypic loss in the mechanosensory entrainment of a circalunar clock

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About