Polyelectrolyte complexes. VI. Polycation structure, polyanion molar mass, and polyion concentration effects on complex nanoparticles based on poly(sodium 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonate)

Abstract

The formation and characterization of some interpolyelectrolyte complex (IPEC) nanoparticles based on poly(sodium 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonate) (NaPAMPS), as a function of the polycation structure, polyanion molar mass, and polyion concentration, were followed in this work. Poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and two polycations (PCs) containing (N,N‐dimethyl‐2‐hydroxypropyleneammonium chloride) units in the backbone (PCA5 and PCA5D1) were used as starting polyions. The complex stoichiometry, (n−/n+)iso, was pointed out by optical density at 500 nm (OD500), polyelectrolyte titration, and dynamic light scattering. IPEC nanoparticle sizes were influenced by the polycation structure and polyanion molar mass only before the complex stoichiometry, which was higher for the more hydrophilic polycations (PCA5 and PCA5D1) and for a higher NaPAMPS molar mass, and were almost independent of these factors after that, at a flow rate of the added polyion of about 0.28 mL × (mL PC)−1 × h−1. The IPEC nanoparticle sizes remained almost constant for more than 2 weeks, both before and after the complex stoichiometry, at low concentrations of polyions. NIPECs as stable colloidal dispersions with positive charges in excess were prepared at a ratio between charges (n−/n+) of 0.7, and their storage colloidal stability, as a function of the polycation structure and polyion concentration (from 0.8 to ca. 7.8 mmol/L), was demonstrated. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 2495–2505, 2004

Complexes of dextran sulfate and anthocyanins from Vaccinium myrtillus: Formation and stability

“…Polyelectrolyte complexation leads to a wide variety of materials ranging from soluble (Kabanov, Bronich, Kabanov, & Eisenberg, 1996) to the dispersion of nanoparticles (Buchhammer, Petzold, & Lunkwitz, 2000;Dinu, Mihai, & Dragan, 2010). The state of complexes depends on the charge density, the degree of polymerization and concentration of the two counterparts, the positive-to-negative charge ratio, the addition order, the mixing rate and the ionic strength of the continuous phase (Buchhammer, Petzold, & Lunkwitz, 1999;Dragan and Schwarz, 2004;Mihai and Dragan, 2009;Tsuchida and Abe, 1982). The most important parameters of PEC applications are polymer concentration, the size of nanoparticles, and their storage stability Schwarz and Dragan, 2004).…”

Interaction between κ- and ι-carrageenan and anthocyanins from Vaccinium myrtillus

“…The form of complexes (nano suspension or solid precipitate) depends on both the weight ratio and the total concentration of complex-forming reagents (Dragan & Schwarz, 2004). In the first series of experiments, complexes with different -CARG or -CARG and ATCs weight ratios at a constant total concentration of 0.7 g/L were formed.…”

“…The state of complexes (from soluble to the dispersion of nanoparticles) depends on the charge density, the degree of polymerization and the concentration of the counterparts, the positive-to-negative charge ratio, the addition order, the mixing rate, and the ionic strength of the continuous phase (Buchhammer, Petzold, & Lunkwitz, 2000;Dragan & Schwarz, 2004).…”

Voltammetric investigation of polyelectrolyte-Cu(II) complexes

“…The formation of polyelectrolyte complexes therefore has been widely investigated over the last decades. Furthermore, polymer-metal complexes have been tested in various technological areas such as the recovery of metal ions from industrial fluids and waste water along with their biological importance [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”