Polycystic ovary syndrome, adipose tissue and metabolic syndrome

Delitala, Alessandro; Capobianco, Giampiero; Delitala, G.; Cherchi, Pl; Dessole, Salvatore

doi:10.1007/s00404-017-4429-2

Cited by 125 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 167 publications

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“…However, it is still unclear whether the alterations of the hypothalamicpituitary axis in PCOS are primary or secondary to changes in steroid hormone secretion (De Leo et al 2016). Hyperandrogenism is also related to an increase in abdominal adiposity (Dumesic et al 2016), which contributes to the inflammatory character of PCOS and to the changes in lipid profile (Delitala et al 2017).…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review

Carvalho

Reis

Cândido

et al. 2018

Endocrine Regulations

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism, amenorrhea, and polycystic ovaries. This endocrinopathy is associated with many metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia and insulin resistance, with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular complications. Inflammation is likely to play an important role in the promoting these metabolic imbalances, while prothrombotic and pro-oxidative mechanisms further contribute to the cardiovascular risk of these patients. The etiology of PCOS is still not fully understood, but there is evidence of genetic and environmental components. This review aims to discuss some molecular pathways associated with PCOS that could contribute to the better understanding about this syndrome. Recent evidence suggests that intrauterine exposure of female mice to an excess of anti-Müllerian hormone may induce PCOS features in their post-natal life. High cytokine levels and cytokine gene polymorphisms also appear to be associated with the pathophysiology of PCOS. Furthermore, high levels of microparticles may contribute to the altered hemostasis and enhanced inflammation in PCOS. All these mechanisms may be relevant to clarify some aspects of PCOS pathogenesis and inspire new strategies to prevent the syndrome as well as treat its symptoms and mitigate the risk of long-term complications.

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Section: Pathophysiology Of Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review

Carvalho

Reis

Cândido

et al. 2018

Endocrine Regulations

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“…According to studies in the literature, women with PCOS may experience dysregulation in adipose tissue, in the synthesis of hormonal factors known as adipokines and gene expression profile of omental adipose tissue of women with PCOS demonstrates that genes in several classes are dysregulated (5). Some of these changes are characterized by increased serum concentrations of leptin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 and by the reduced production of adiponectin (4)(5)(6). The relationship between PCOS and adipokines is controversial because this endocrinemetabolic disorder is often associated with an increased body fat percentage (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycystic ovary syndrome associated with increased adiposity interferes with serum levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 differently from leptin and adiponectin

Cardoso

Ribeiro

Dutra

et al. 2020

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and to explore the relationship between body fat percentage and metabolic markers. Subjects and methods: Sedentary women were assigned to PCOS (N = 60) and CONTROL (N = 60) groups. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups according to body fat percentage (22-27%, 27-32% and 32-37%). The protocol consisted of assessments of glucose, insulin, androgens, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), leptin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Results: The PCOS subgroups showed higher concentrations of androgens, LH and 17-OHP. Leptin showed direct relationship with increased body fat percentage, whereas adiponectin showed the inverse effect. However, both were unaffected by PCOS. TNF-α and IL-6 were higher in PCOS women and showed a direct relationship with increased body fat percentage. Glucose showed direct relationship with body fat percentage, whereas insulin presented higher values in PCOS women and direct relationship with increased body fat percentage. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that PCOS and body fat percentage directly influence concentrations of insulin, TNF-α and IL-6, whereas leptin and adiponectin are influenced only by the increase in body fat percentage in these women.

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“…A nagy, hipertrófiás adipociták inzulinrezisztenciája (IR) sokkal kifejezettebb, mint a kis adipocitáké, ezzel magyarázható, hogy obesitassal társuló PCOS fenotípusai esetén magasabb insulinaemiával találkozunk. Az a tény, hogy sovány PCOS-betegeknél ugyanúgy hyperandrogenismus van, mint elhízottaknál, az IR primer voltát igazolja [11,12]. Egy másik tanulmány szerint a subcutan zsírszövet (derék, comb, far) egyenesen javítja az inzulinérzékenységet, ellentétben a visceralissal, amely rontja.…”

Section: Orvostudományi éRtesítőunclassified

Current aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome I: definition, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and complications

Zoltán

Ildikó²,

Kolcsár

2018

Bulletin of Medical Sciences

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrine disease among women with childbearing potential, the best-known cause of hirsutism, with a hypothesized prevalence of 8-22%. The first part of the paper discusses the conceptional evolution of the syndrome, from its description in 1935 by Stein and Leventhal till today. It describes the changes in the criteria systems, emphasizing that the Rotterdam criteria, proposed in 2003 by the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology/American Society for Reproductive Medicine, are still valid today. This system basically differs from earlier (1990) NIH-criteria in one aspect: it introduced two newer phenotypes, one without hyperandrogenism and the other with ovulatory cycles, so it distinguishes 4 phenotypes. The etiology and pathogenesis of PCOS is heterogeneous, multifactorial, poorly understood. We present the 3 leading hypotheses (1 - hypothalamo-hypophyseal disturbances, 2 – primary enzyme disorders in ovarian, or ovarian/adrenal steroidogenesis, resulting primarily in hyperactivity of 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase, 3 – insulin resistance-hyperinsulinism and other metabolic dysfunctions). We emphasize the role of genetically determined hyperandrogenism, that of insulin resistance-hyperinsulinism and the importance of reinforcing each other. Subsequently, the aggravating aspects of the frequently associated metabolic syndrome are discussed, and then the effects of the mentioned pathological processes on the endocrine and other organ structures participating in the regulation of sexual functions. We stress the hypothetical role of perinatal and pubertal androgen exposition in the pathogenesis of PCOS. The mechanisms of anovulation and those of the endometrial lesions are discussed, too. The clinical manifestations, the paraclinical and laboratory examinations, the positive and differential diagnosis and the complications are also presented. We intend to deal with the therapeutic aspects of PCOS in an upcoming paper.

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Polycystic ovary syndrome, adipose tissue and metabolic syndrome

Abstract: The high prevalence of metabolic disorders mainly related to insulin resistance and CVD risk factors in women with PCOS highlight the need for early lifestyle changes for reducing metabolic risks in these patients.

Cited by 125 publications

References 167 publications

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome as a systemic disease with multiple molecular pathways: a narrative review

Polycystic ovary syndrome associated with increased adiposity interferes with serum levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 differently from leptin and adiponectin

Current aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome I: definition, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and complications

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