Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Dalian soils: distribution and toxicity assessment

Wang, Zhen; Chen, Jingwen; Yang, Ping; Qiao, Xianliang; Tian, Fuqiang

doi:10.1039/b617338c

Cited by 100 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…City is generally considered as a major source area of anthropogenic PAHs (Wang et al 2007a). Many studies have indicated that traffic emission and coal combustion are the two major sources of PAHs in city areas (Grova et al 2000;Wang et al 2007b). In various functional areas of a city, such as traffic area, residential area and suburban area, the levels and compositional profiles of PAHs may vary greatly due to different human activities and the variation of seasons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban fractionation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from Dalian soils

et al. 2011

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This report evidences the fractionation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from urban to rural areas, and a higher contribution of coal and wood combustion in rural areas. PAHs are persistent semi-volatile organic pollutants in the environment. PAHs originate from the incompleted combustion of fossil fuel and biomass. Cities are usually considered as primary sources of PAHs. Due to different types and loads of fuel consumption in various functional areas of a city, the levels and composition profiles of PAHs are expected to be different. We, therefore, studied the mechanisms ruling PAH distributions in soils from a major Chinese city. Seventeen soil samples were collected in urban traffic areas, residential and park areas, suburban areas and rural areas of Dalian, northeastern China. PAHs were analyzed using a highperformance liquid chromatography. The composition profiles and seasonal variation of PAHs were investigated. Results show that the proportions of low-weight molecular PAHs to total PAHs increased with urban-suburban-rural gradient. This trend is explained by the ''urban fractionation'' of PAHs. Furthermore, the spring/autumn ratios of PAH concentrations were higher than 1. Specifically, the spring/autumn ratio was 1.79 for two ring PAHs, 1.42 for three ring PAHs, and lower than 1.20 for five and six ring PAHs. The spring/autumn ratios of phenanthrene were higher than 1 and increased with increasing distance from the urban areas. The results imply that the contribution of coal and wood combustion PAHs increases with the urbansuburban-rural gradient.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban fractionation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from Dalian soils

et al. 2011

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“…This was higher than that in some developed regions in China (Fig. 2c), such as in the Shantou economic development zone (317 ng/g) (Hao et al, 2004), Hong Kong (443 ng/g) (Chung et al, 2007), and the Xuzhou urban area (27 ng/g) (Ge et al, 2008), while lower than that in Beijing urban soils (1637 ng/g) (Li et al, 2006), Dalian surface soils (1738 ng/g) (Wang et al, 2007), France surface soils (2510 ng/g) (Motelay-Massei et al, 2004), and the soils of a suburban district in the USA (527-3753 ng/g) (Mielke et al, 2004). Furthermore, according to the standard proposed by Maliszewska-Kordybach (1996), only 7.6% of the soil samples can be considered unpolluted (< 200 ng/g), 45.7% as slightly polluted (200-600 ng/g), 22.9% as moderately polluted (600-1000 ng/g), and 23.8% as severely polluted by PAHs (> 1000 ng/g).…”

Section: Concentrations Of Ocps and Pahs In The Bhnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental pollution by persistent toxic substances and health risk in an industrial area of China

Lü

Shi

et al. 2011

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Soil is an important environmental medium that is closely associated with humans and their health. Despite this, very few studies have measured toxicants in soils, and associated them with health risks in humans. An assessment of health effects from exposure to contaminants in soils surrounding industrial areas of chemical production and storage is important. This article aims at determining pollution characteristics of persistent toxic substances (PTS) in an industrial area in China to unravel the relationship between soil pollution by PTS and human health. One hundred and five soil samples were collected and 742 questionnaires were handed out to residents living in and around an industrial area around Bohai Bay, Tianjin in Northern China. Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in soil. Mann-Whitney U and binary multivariate nonconditional logistic regression models were employed to analyze the relationship between health indicators of local residents and contaminant levels. Odds ratio (OR) and a 95% confidence interval (CI) for health incidences were also calculated. The average concentrations of DDT (73.9 ng/g), HCH (654 ng/g) and PAHs (1225 ng/g) were relatively high in the industrial area. Residents living in the chemical industry parks were exposed to a higher levels of PTS than those living outside the chemical industry parks. This exposure was associated with a higher risk of breast cancer (OR 1.87, 95% CI 0.12-30.06), stomach cancer (OR 1.87, 95% CI 0.26-13.41), dermatitis (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.05-2.80), gastroenteritis (OR 1.59, 95% CI 0.94-2.68), and pneumonia (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.58-1.89).

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“…PAHs have been attracting increasing attention, because many are known to be carcinogenic, mutagenic, or teratogenic [7,8], which are serious health threats to organisms. Hence, United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) has listed sixteen PAHs as priority pollutants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source and Ecological Risk Characteristics of PAHs in Sediments from Qinhuai River and Xuanwu Lake, Nanjing, China

Zhao

Qin

Cao

et al. 2017

Journal of Chemistry

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In order to investigate the residual characteristics, sources, and ecological risk of PAHs in sediment from urban rivers, the sediments of 15 typical sites from Qinhuai River and Xuanwu Lake, which are typical urban rivers and lake, were collected from October 2015 to July 2016; the sources of PAHs in sediment were also identified by several methods. Results showed that ∑PAHs concentration in sediment ranged from 796.2 ng/g to 10,470 ng/g with an average of 2,713.8 ng/g. High molecular weight PAHs with 4-5 rings were most prominent in the sediment during all four seasons. Source characterization studies based on the analysis of diagnostic ratio (triangular plot method), cluster analysis, and positive factor matrix analysis suggested that the PAHs of Qinhuai River Basin were mainly from pyrogenic origin (biomass and coal combustion and vehicular emission), and the petroleum source also cannot be ignored (specially in summer). Most individual PAHs occasionally affect the aquatic organisms. The highest benzo[a]pyreneequivalent doses (BaP eq dose) appear at the sites of sewage discharge and heavy traffic. So, the PAHs pollution sources of urban water body have obvious seasonal-dependent and human activities-dependent characteristics.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Dalian soils: distribution and toxicity assessment

Cited by 100 publications

References 35 publications

Urban fractionation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from Dalian soils

Urban fractionation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from Dalian soils

Environmental pollution by persistent toxic substances and health risk in an industrial area of China

Source and Ecological Risk Characteristics of PAHs in Sediments from Qinhuai River and Xuanwu Lake, Nanjing, China

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