Polycyanoacrylate nanocapsules as potential lysosomotropic carriers: preparation, morphological and sorptive properties

Abstract

w e have shown previously (Couvreur et a1 1977) that polyacrylamide nanocapsules are a new type of lysosomotropic carrier, but unfortunately they are unlikely to be digested by lysosomal enzymes. This article describes the preparation and the morphology of polyalkylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules since polyaanoacrylate may be biodegradable, as suggested by its us in surgery (Collins et al 1969;Heisterkamp et al 1969) and by its chemical properties (Cameron et al 1965; Leonard et a1 1966 a, b; Pani et al 1968).We also present results of the sorption of small molecules on these nanocapsules.f Correspondence. b. 1. Morphological appearance of polymethyl-VUoacrylate nanocapsules by scanning electron -0scopy.Polymethyl and polyethylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules were prepared by polymerization. To Tween 20 (0.25 g), HCI 0.1 M (5.0 ml) in distilled water (50.0 ml) was added 0.6 ml of either of the monomers (methyl-or-ethylcyanoacrylate). After mechanically stirring for 30 min the mixture was passed through a fritted glass filter (pore size 9-15 pm) and then distilled water added t o 200 ml. After preparation, nanocapsules form milky suspensions displaying a Tyndall effect. The particles pass through a Millipore filter with 0.45 pm pores. This method is rapid and easy and avoids the destructive y-irradiation used in the preparation of polyacrylamide nanocapsules (Couvreur et al 1977).Scanning electron microscopy shows spherical particles with a diameter of about 200nm (Fig. 1). Variation of the Tween 20 concentrations did not affect the morphological appearance and size. Particles obtained without surfactant seem to be more agglomerated and larger than those with surfactant.Suspension of nanocapsules prepared with Tween 20 (0.1%) were spray frozen (Bachmann & SchmittFumian 1973) and examined by the electron microscope after freeze fracture. The use of fixatives and cryoprotectants are avoided by this method, while surfactants do not appreciably interfere. Fig. 2 shows that the inner structure appears to be highly porous, de-FIG. 2. The appearance of the internal structure of polymethylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules by the electron microscopy after spray freezing and cryofracture (see (Bachmann et al 1973) for details).

An Investigation into the Parameters Affecting Preparation of Polybutyl Cyanoacrylate Nanoparticles by Emulsion Polymerization

“…Drug delivery applications of PACA nanoparticles have been broadly studied for 25 years due to advantages such as low toxicity and biodegradability [1,10]. BCA a member of alkyl cyanoacrylates group is a highly reactive monomer and anionic polymerization is one of the three mechanisms that can theoretically arise about this compound [11].…”

“…Firstly the simplicity of production was described by Couvreur [1]. He illustrated that submicron particle size can be prepared by scattering alkyl cyanoacrylate monomers in HCl solution at low pH containing an emulsifier.…”

Polybutylcyanoacrylate Nanoparticles and Drugs of the Platinum Family: Last Status

“…Polybutylcyanoacrylate (PBCA) nanoparticles (NPs) are ideal carriers for delivery of this drug due to biodegradability and ability to change bio distribution of drugs. Additionally, they are easy to prepare and needless of any sort of purification [11][12][13][14]. Firstly, synthesis of such NPs was reported by Couvreur et al [12].…”

“…Additionally, they are easy to prepare and needless of any sort of purification [11][12][13][14]. Firstly, synthesis of such NPs was reported by Couvreur et al [12]. Afterwards, several studies were reported around molecular weight distribution, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, bio distribution, stability and conjugation of different drugs [11,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

The role of peptides in blood‐brain barrier nanotechnology

“…The first albumin nanoparticles with a magnetic core were prepared shortly thereafter, but the method is very aggressive, leading to denaturation of the protein [73]. Around the same time, the first biodegradable acrylic nanoparticles made of poly(methylcyanoacrylate) and poly(ethylcyanoacrylate) [74] were developed. Similar compounds were later made with poly(n-butyl, isobutyl, n-hexyl and isohexyl-cyanoacrylates).…”