Polycrystalline ZSM-5@Beta core–shell composites fabricated by a seed-directed approach: A catalyst to boosting light olefin production by ordered hierarchical cracking

In situ crystal engineering on 3D-printed woodpile scaffolds: a monolith catalyst with highly accessible active sites for enhanced catalytic cracking

“…4A, the CS sample shows a broad diffraction peak in the range of 16°-32°, indicating its non-crystalline structure. We have found that such amorphous crystal seeds collected at the nucleation period exhibit high crystallization vitality, 40 which initiates the rapid in situ growth of ZSM-5 zeolites. The CS consists of aggregated amorphous or partially crystallized aluminosilicate nanoparticles, showing a size distribution of 200-800 nm (Fig.…”

“…[42][43][44] In general, supplying an adequate amount of nutrients, increasing the dosage of the template or crystal seed and prolonging the hydrothermal treatment time can facilitate zeolite formation, thereby enhancing the product crystallinity. 38,40 Apart from the conventional factors regarding the chemical composition at the start and under hydrothermal treatment conditions, the external surface area of the monolith may also inuence the thickness of the zeolite layer as well as the overall crystallinity of the monolithic catalyst when all other synthesis conditions are the same.…”