Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in paddy soils and river sediments in Akita, Japan

Dioxin-like compounds in agricultural soils near e-waste recycling sites from Taizhou area, China: Chemical and bioanalytical characterization

“…The maximum PCDF concentrations of 490 and 540 pg/g dw were found at locations 5 and 6 respectively, which were one magnitude greater than those obtained at the other locations (ranging from 30 to 86 pg/g dw). The total PCDD/Fs concentrations (range: 210 to 850 pg/g dw, with a mean value of 500 pg/g dw) in the agricultural area in Taizhou were higher than those in some areas such as Ya-Er Lake area, Beijing, Hangzhou and Taiwan in China (Wu et al, 2002;Zhou et al, 2006;Yan et al, 2007;Cai et al, 2008), but were lower than those from some highly contaminated regions such as Akita in Japan, Bien Hoa Airbase in Southern Vietnam and Brescia in Italy (Kiguchi et al, 2007;Mai et al, 2007;Turrio-Baldassarri et al, 2007). When compared with Guiyu, another ewaste recycling center in China, the PCDD/Fs concentration levels were in accordance with those found in a rice field, greater than those observed in a printer roller dump site, and less than those obtained in an acid leaching site (Leung et al, 2007).…”

Pollution characteristics and potential health risk of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in soil/sediment from Baiyin City, North West, China

“…Source identification PCA and HCA have been successful in many PCDD/ Fs source identification cases (Kiguchi et al 2007;Oh et al 2006;Vives et al 2008;Xu et al 2009;Zhu et al 2008;Zhang et al 2010). In this survey, PCA and HCA were performed to determine the relationships between 17 congeners of each analyzed sample and potential sources in Baiyin city.…”

“…In recent years, there have been many investigations on environmental occurrence and source of PCDD/Fs in many countries (Ryoo et al 2005;Kiguchi et al 2007;Kim et al 2008;Vives et al 2008;Schuhmacher et al 2009;Nieuwoudt et al 2009). Although a few investigations in China on environmental behaviors of PCDD/Fs mainly focused on the regions like South, East, North and Central China (Wen et al 2009;Zhang et al 2008a;Ren et al 2009;Zhang et al 2009;Li et al 2010;Zhang et al 2010;Chen et al 2012), these were less investigations on PCDD/Fs levels and potential risk assessment associated with soil/sediment in high latitude areas in Northwest China.…”

“…In addition, PCDD/Fs distribute in the global ecosystem and have been found in all environmental matrix, including air Ren et al 2007), water (Liu et al 2008), soil (Mari et al 2007;Zhang et al 2008a;Zhang et al 2009), sediment ), biota (Chen et al 2007;Tian et al 2008;Zhang et al 2008b;Schuhmacher et al 2009;Shih et al 2009) and so on. Soil is a nature sink for hydrophobic organic contaminants like PCDD/Fs (Nouwen et al 2001;Kiguchi et al 2007). PCDD/Fs will transport and deposit into soil or sediment because of their lipophilic characteristics and ubiquitous nature.…”

“…PCDD/Fs are formed in a broad range of activities and processes, which are mainly caused by incomplete combusted processes such as municipal and industrial waste incineration, cement production, iron metallurgy, iron ore sintering plant, house coal burning, agricultural straw open burning, traffic, crematories and forest accidental fires Lee et al 2005; Aries et al 2006;Shih et al 2008;Zhu et al 2008;Ba et al 2009). They also originate from other human activities for the production and use of chlorinated organic compounds, which include the bleaching of pulp paper, the use of pentachlorophenol (PCP), sodium pentachlorophenate (PCP-Na) and 1,3,5-trichloro-2-(4-nitrophenoxy) benzene (CNP) as agrochemicals and application PCP-Na to control the spread of snailborne schistosomiasis (Bao et al 1995;Kiguchi et al 2007;Xiao et al 2010). Identifying the major sources of PCDD/Fs in the environment is generally considered as the preliminary step toward efficiently controlling and reducing PCDD/Fs pollution ).…”