Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in eggs of eight avian species from Dongting Lake, China

Abstract

Concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) were determined in eggs of eight avian species collected from Dongting Lake of China to assess residue levels, accumulation patterns, and toxic potential in different avian species. Concentrations of total 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDD/Fs were in the range of 10.8-182 pg g À1 lipid weight. Eggs of great egret and lesser pied kingfisher contained higher levels of PCDD/Fs than eggs of other species, indicating the specific exposure and accumulation of PCDD/Fs relating to feeding habits and the life span. PCDD/Fs congener patterns varied among species. The patterns of PCDD/Fs in the eggs may be influenced by feeding habits, specific elimination, and metabolism. In general, concentrations of PCDDs were higher than those of PCDFs in avian eggs. On basis of lipid weight, total 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxic equivalents (TEQs) calculated based on the WHO TEFs for birds ranged from 2.04 to 42.0 pg g À1; and on basis of wet weight, total WHO-TEQs ranged from 0.19 to 1.59 pg g À1 . 2, 3,7, 2,3,4,7, 2,3,7, 1,2,3,7, were the major contributors to TEQ concentration in most avian eggs, whereas 1,2,3,4,7,8-HxCDD also accounted for a major portion of TEQs in eggs of azure-winged magpie. Values of TEQs in avian eggs were lower than toxic threshold values, implying risk reduction and natural restoration of PCDD/Fs contamination in Dongting Lake region.

Avian liver organochlorine and PCB from South coast of the Caspian Sea, Iran

“…Different diet composition in different areas can offer another source of variability in OC pollution levels in bird species. Anatidae family, which feed on lower trophic levels, had lowest OCPs and PCBs; these birds consume variable proportions of animal and plant material (Fang et al 2007) hence the lowest intake of organic pollutants and little accumulation of these toxins compared to other birds in this study.…”

“…6 Comparison of the concentration of ROCPs in bird's liver of different family from the South coast of the Caspian Sea. Different letters indicate significant differences P \ 0.05 was found in the Great Cormorant while OCPs highest levels were found in Great Crested Grebe and Blackheaded Gull, it is now well established that feeding habits could explain most of the variation found in pollutant levels in birds (Fang et al 2007;Bouwman et al 2008;Drooge et al 2008). Black-headed Gull which forages on agricultural lands and near drainage channels exhibit high concentration of OCPs (Naso et al 2003).…”

Unexpected promotion of PCDD/F formation by enzyme-aided Cl2 bleaching in non-wood pulp and paper mill

“…The PCDD/F analysis was performed using an isotope dilution high-resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry method based on U.S. Environmental Protection Agency method 1613B that has been described previously (Fang et al, 2007(Fang et al, , 2008. Briefly, each sample was air-dried, then an aliquot was spiked with a mixture containing 13 C 12 -labeled PCDD/F internal standards, Soxhlet extracted with 250 mL 1:1 n-hexane/dichloromethane, then concentrated using a rotary evaporator.…”

Levels, Trends, and Health Effects of Dioxins and Related Compounds in Aquatic Biota

“…The highest ∑PCDD/F and ∑TEQ concentrations were 1,690 and 552 pg/g lw, respectively, in the liver. PCDD/Fs were also examined in the eggs from eight avian species in Dongting Lake, China [185]. ∑PCDD/F concentrations ranged from 21 to 4,120 pg/g lw, and the ∑TEQ of PCDD/Fs ranged from 2.5 to 17.4 pg/g lw in these species.…”