Polychlorinated biphenyls in cow’s milk, feed and soil in selected areas of Slovakia

Human Health Risks Surveillance of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Bovine Milk from Alluvial Plain of Punjab, Pakistan

“…Comparison of results of the present study with work done in Iran in 2017 indicates that the level of PCBs in the cows' milk in Iran is much higher (Ahmadkhaniha et al 2017). However, these studies contrast with reports from Slovakia in 2020 where the values of the 7 types of PCBs analyzed were below LOQ (Toman et al 2020). The comparison of all congeners in the present study with previous literature for ∑DL-PCBs is shown in Table S3 so that trends of contamination could be assessed which could provide preliminary data for making remedial plans in future…”

“…This is strengthened by another study, which showed air samples from Multan urban areas with the highest PCB values (Ali et al 2015). Urban activities in the cities could also be a major source of atmospheric PCB emissions (Ali et al 2015) and PCBs atmospheric deposition may affect plants and livestock feed greatly (Toman et al 2020). In the Sahiwal district, within 20 Km distance of the sampled dairy farm, no industrial area or other large-scale commercial activity was identi ed.…”

Detection of indicator polychlorinated biphenyls (I-PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cow milk from selected areas of Dhaka, Bangladesh and potential human health risks assessment

“…However, the the sum of all PCB congeners were below than the permissible tolerance level. Very little amount of PCBs congeners were detected in Slovakia [77] . In another study from UK identified 118, 153, 138 and 180 as dominant PCBs congeners and the total values of all PCBs congeners were in the range of 3.4–16.4 ng/g milk fat [78] .…”

Human health risk surveillance of polychlorinated biphenyls in bovine milk from alluvial plain of Punjab, Pakistan

“…However, these studies contrast with reports from Slovakia in 2020 where the values of the 7 types of PCBs analyzed were below LOQ. (Toman et al, 2020). The comparison of all congeners in the present study with previous literature for ∑DL-PCBs has been shown in Table S3 so that trends of contamination could be assessed which could provide preliminary data for making remedial plans in future…”

“…Currently, Pakistan is the fourth leading milk producer globally (Ishaq et al, 2018;Perisic et al, 2015;Sana et al, 2021) and it's expected that in the coming decade, Pakistan's milk production will continue to increase (FAO, 2019). PCBs levels in milk have been published for many countries including, France (Hulin et al, 2020), Slovakia (Toman et al, 2020), Italy (Bertocchi et al, 2015;Chirollo et al, 2018;Esposito et al, 2010;Tremolada et al, 2014), Brazil (Costabeber et al, 2018;Heck et al, 2007), Iran (Ahmadkhaniha et al, 2017), California (Chen et al, 2017), Mexico (Pérez et al, 2012), Netherland (Baars et al, 2004), Siberia (Mamontova et al, 2007), Belgium (Focant et al, 2003), Germany (Kerst et al, 2004), Chile (Pizarro-Aranguiz et al, 2015), South Korea (Son et al, 2012), India (V. Vanitha et al, 2010) and the United kingdom (Sewart and Jones, 1996). While Reports on PCBs concentrations in other environmental matrices including soil, air, water, and sediments (Ali et al, 2015;Baqar et al, 2017;Eqani et al, 2015;Mahmood et al, 2014a;Syed et al, 2014;Syed et al, 2013), and some elements of the food chain (Mahmood et al, 2014b;Mumtaz et al, 2016) within Pakistan have been published, to date, no reports are available that detail the PCB concentrations in bovine milk and relate them with human health.…”