Polybrominated Biphenyls, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Body Weight, and Incidence of Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus

Vasiliu, Oana; Cameron, Lorraine; Gardiner, Joseph C.; DeGuire, Peter; Karmaus, Wilfried

doi:10.1097/01.ede.0000220553.84350.c5

Cited by 168 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Longnecker et al (3) revealed a 30% higher level of total PCBs in diabetic (primarily type 1) pregnant women than in nondiabetic subjects recruited in 1959 -1966. Similar conclusions were drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (4) and other population studies in Belgium (5), Michigan (6), and Seveso, Italy (7). These data raised great concerns for public health (8) and promoted etiological research into the biological effects of POPs (9,10).…”

supporting

confidence: 62%

“…In the Michigan follow-up study of the effects of exposing farmers and other households to animal feed contaminated with PCBs, women experienced twice the incidence of self-reported type 2 diabetes when total PCBs exceeded 5 ppb, but there was no increased diabetic risk for men (6). The 20-year follow-up study of the Seveso cohort, highly exposed to tetra-chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin after a factory incident in 1976 (7), showed that the mortality rate from diabetes had significantly doubled for women residing in the exposure area compared with women residing in the reference area but that the relationship was not present in men.…”

Section: ])mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Risk of Diabetes and Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Dioxins

et al. 2008

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OBJECTIVE -Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are important and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in humans. Recent cross-sectional studies have detected increased concentrations of serum POPs in diabetic patients. We aimed to examine the association between previous high exposures to PCBs and PCDFs and the cumulative incidence of type 2 diabetes and hypertension.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -During the late 1970s, the consumption of rice-bran oil laced with PCBs poisoned thousands of Taiwanese. Between 1993 and 2003, we examined 1,054 Yucheng ("oil disease") victims against neighborhood reference subjects using a protocol blinded for POP exposure. Here, we report the results derived from 378 Yucheng subjects and 370 matched references.RESULTS -The diabetes risk to members of the Yucheng cohort relative to their reference subjects was significantly increased for women (odds ratio [OR] 2.1 [95% CI 1.1-4.5]) but not for men after considering age, BMI, cigarette smoking, and alcohol intake. Yucheng women diagnosed with chloracne had adjusted ORs of 5.5 (95% CI 2.3-13.4) for diabetes and 3.5 (1.7-7.2) for hypertension compared with those who were chloracne free.CONCLUSIONS -Yucheng women, who had endured previous exposure to PCBs and PCDFs, suffered from increased incidences of diabetes, particularly those who had retained significant levels of pollutant as evident from chloracne. When planning treatments against diabetes, the body burden of PCBs and dioxins should be carefully considered, especially for women.

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confidence: 62%

Section: ])mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Risk of Diabetes and Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Dioxins

et al. 2008

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“…This nonlinear dose-response curve may explain previous epidemiological findings in the Michigan cohort with accidental high exposure to PBBs (20). In fact, this prospective cohort study did not show any association between PBB concentrations and incident diabetes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 41%

Association of Brominated Flame Retardants With Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome in the U.S. Population, 2003–2004

2008

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OBJECTIVE —Chlorinated persistent organic pollutants (POPs), endocrine disruptors accumulated in adipose tissue, were associated with diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Brominated flame retardants (BFRs), such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) or polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), are another class of POPs for which body burden is increasing. Cross-sectional associations of serum concentrations of BFRs with diabetes and metabolic syndrome were studied. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS —In the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2004, 1,367 adults were examined with respect to diabetes status. Five PBDEs and one PBB were selected, detectable in ≥60% of participants. For the outcome metabolic syndrome, we restricted the analysis to 637 participants with a morning fasting sample. RESULTS —Compared with subjects with serum concentrations below the limit of detection, prevalent diabetes had differing dose-response associations with serum concentrations of PBB-153 and PBDE-153. Adjusted odds ratios across quartiles of serum concentrations for PBB-153 or PBDE-153 were 1.0, 0.7, 1.4, 1.6, and 1.9 ( P for trend <0.01) and 1.0, 1.6, 2.6, 2.7, and 1.8 ( P for quadratic term <0.01), respectively. PBB-153 was also positively associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome with adjusted odds ratios of 1.0, 1.5, 3.1, 3.1, and 3.1 ( P for trend<0.01). As in its association with diabetes, PBDE-153 showed an inverted U-shaped association with metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS —Pending confirmation in prospective studies, lipophilic xenobiotics, including brominated POPs stored in adipose tissue, may be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes and metabolic syndrome.

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“…Several reports based on mortality rates analysis [6,7] or on self-reported diabetes also show associations between environmental pollution levels and prediabetes and/or diabetes [8][9][10]. However, in only few studies was diabetes diagnosed with the aid of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (≥126 mg/dl [7.0 mmol/l]), HbA 1c (>6.1%) [9] or random glucose level (≥200 mg/dl=11.1 mmol/l) [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes in a population exposed to high levels of an organochlorine cocktail

et al. 2010

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Aims/hypothesis A heavily polluted area of Eastern Slovakia was targeted by the PCBRISK cross-sectional survey to search for possible links between environmental pollution and both prediabetes and diabetes. Methods Associations of serum levels of five persistent organic pollutants (POPs), namely polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 2,2′-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (p,p′-DDE), 2,2′-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloro-ethane (p,p′-DDT), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), with prediabetes and diabetes were investigated in 2,047 adults. Diabetes and prediabetes were diagnosed by fasting plasma glucose in all participants and by OGTT in 1,220 compliant participants. Results Our population was stratified in terms of individual POPs quintiles and associations between environmental pollution, prediabetes and diabetes were investigated. Prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes increased in a dose-dependent manner, with individuals in upper quintiles of individual POPs showing striking increases in prevalence of prediabetes as shown by OR and 95% CI for PCBs (2.74; 1.92-3.90), DDE (1.86; 1.17-2.95), DDT (2.48; 1.77-3.48), HCB (1.86; 1.7-2.95) and β-HCH (1.97; 1.28-3.04). Interestingly, unlike PCBs, DDT and DDE, increased levels of HCB and β-HCH seemed not to be associated with increased prevalence of diabetes. Nevertheless, individuals in the 5th quintile of the variable expressing the cumulative effect of all five POPs (sum of orders) had a more than tripled prevalence of prediabetes and more than six times higher prevalence of diabetes when compared with the 1st referent quintile. Conclusions/interpretation Increasing serum concentrations of individual POPs considerably increased prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes in a dose-dependent manner. Interaction of industrial and agricultural pollutants in increasing prevalence of prediabetes or diabetes is likely.

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Polybrominated Biphenyls, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Body Weight, and Incidence of Adult-Onset Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 168 publications

References 36 publications

Increased Risk of Diabetes and Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Dioxins

Increased Risk of Diabetes and Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Dioxins

Association of Brominated Flame Retardants With Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome in the U.S. Population, 2003–2004

High prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes in a population exposed to high levels of an organochlorine cocktail

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