Polyaniline: protonation/deprotonation of amine and imine sites

Ray, Anjan; Richter, A.F.; MacDiarmid, A. G.; Epstein, Arthur J.

doi:10.1016/0379-6779(89)90290-7

Cited by 122 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…There are various studies in the literature reporting that the conductivities and PPy content of conductive polymers are affected by dopant anions used in the synthesis (17,18). For this reason, we investigated the effects of dopant type on the conductivity and PPy content of composite by using different acid solutions.…”

Section: Effects Of Oxidant and Acid Types On The Conductivity And Ppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polypyrrole/Natural Zeolite Composite Prepared byIn SituOxidative Polymerization: Thermal and Humidity Sensing Properties

Selşuk

Karakışla

Saçak

2014

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A

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Composite of polypyrrole (PPy) and natural zeolite (NZ) was prepared by chemical polymerization of pyrrole in the presence of zeolite dispersed in aqueous medium. Results of elemental analysis showed that the percentage amount of dopant in the structure of composites was reached a value of as high as 35.5%. PPy content and conductivity of composites obtained under the tried polymerization conditions changed between 8% and 55% and 3.0 × 10 −3 and 17 × 10 −2 S/cm, respectively. The conductivity of composites prepared by chemical polymerization was higher than those prepared by physically mixing of the components of composite. Change in the resistivity of PPy/NZ composite monitored by heating-cooling cycles in the temperature range of 0-60 • C repeated five times, we noticed that the composite showed more repeatable results compared to that of its conductive component PPy. Size distribution analysis showed that particle size of NZ in the composite increased as a result of PPy coating and particle size of composite containing 43% PPy reached up to 30 μm of d(0.9). FTIR, TGA, XRD and SEM techniques were also used for the characterization of PPy/NZ composite.

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Section: Effects Of Oxidant and Acid Types On The Conductivity And Ppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polypyrrole/Natural Zeolite Composite Prepared byIn SituOxidative Polymerization: Thermal and Humidity Sensing Properties

Selşuk

Karakışla

Saçak

2014

Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A

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“…Polyaniline films are polyelectrochromic (transparent yellow-green-dark blue-black) (71), the yellow-green transition being durable to repetitive color switching (72). Several redox mechanisms involving protonation-deprotonation and/or anion ingress/egress have been proposed (73)(74)(75), with Figure 10 giving the composition of the various redox states.…”

Section: Conducting Electrochromic Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochromic Polymers

Mortimer¹

2004

Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology

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Shi report the synthesis of two heterocycle-fluorene-heterocycle monomers using Stille coupling and electropolymerization to form corresponding polymers with good electro-chemical behavior. In particular, P(EDOT-F-EDOT) revealed favorable electrochromic performance, showing fast response time and high coloration efficiency. These electro-chromic materials provide a wider variety of colors and hold promise for display applications. STRUCTURE-PROPERTY RELATIONSHIPS OF ELECTROCHROMIC POLYMERS The structure-property relationships of P(Th-F-Th) and P(EDOT-F-EDOT), including optical properties, surface morphologies, and electrochemical and electrochromic performances , were investigated on page 325. The two heterocycle-fluorene-heterocycle mono-mers, synthesized using Stille coupling and electropolymerization, exhibited excellent redox activity and electrochromic performance. SOLUTION-PROCESSABLE ELECTROCHROMIC POLYMERS Solution-processable electrochromic polymers that can switch from one distinct color to another highly transmissive state are required for electrochromic applications. In Volume 53 Issue 19 on page 2285 demonstrate a promising candidate based on copolymer complex P(EOTT-co-EDOT)/PSS by optimizing the optical properties, stability, and processability to replace PEDOT as the electro-chromic polymer. The studied complex exhibited superior coloration efficiencies, low switching voltages, and decent contrast ratios. From these results, the complex would be a processable candidate material for the mass production of electrochromic-related organic electronics.

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“…125 Several redox mechanisms involving protonationdeprotonation and/or anion ingress/egress have been proposed, [126][127][128] with Figure 12 giving the composition of the various redox states.…”

Section: Polyanilines As Electrochromic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochromic organic and polymeric materials for display applications

2006

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An electrochromic material is one where a reversible color change takes place upon reduction (gain of electrons) or oxidation (loss of electrons), on passage of electrical current after the application of an appropriate electrode potential. In this review the general field of electrochromism is introduced, with coverage of the types, applications, and chemical classes of electrochromic materials and the experimental methods that are used in their study. The main classes of electrochromic organic and polymeric materials are then surveyed, with descriptions of representative examples based on transition metal coordination complexes, viologen systems, and conducting polymers. Examples of the application of such organic and polymeric electrochromic materials in electrochromic displays are given.

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Polyaniline: protonation/deprotonation of amine and imine sites

Cited by 122 publications

References 7 publications

Polypyrrole/Natural Zeolite Composite Prepared byIn SituOxidative Polymerization: Thermal and Humidity Sensing Properties

Polypyrrole/Natural Zeolite Composite Prepared byIn SituOxidative Polymerization: Thermal and Humidity Sensing Properties

Electrochromic Polymers

Electrochromic organic and polymeric materials for display applications

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