Polyaniline inside the pores of high surface area mesoporous silicon as composite electrode material for supercapacitors

Abstract

Magnesiothermic reduction was used to reduce mesoporous silica to mesoporous silicon which can host a variety of materials such as polyaniline and has potential to be used in supercapacitors.

A Free‐Standing Polyaniline/Silicon Nanowire Forest as the Anode for Lithium‐ion Batteries

“…The presence of SiO x on the SiNW‐PANI surface is possibly due to a result of the natural oxidation process of the silicon surface, which is also reported in other polymer coatings on silicon nanostructures [31,48] . The N 1s XPS spectra in Figure 3d display three peaks at 399.7 eV, 400 eV, and 401.7 eV, which are attributed to quinoid imine (−N=), benzenoid amine (−N−), and protonated amine (N + ) of PANI, further confirming the successful coating of PANI on the SiNW surface [49] …”

“…[31,48] The N 1s XPS spectra in Figure 3d display three peaks at 399.7 eV, 400 eV, and 401.7 eV, which are attributed to quinoid imine (À N=), benzenoid amine (À NÀ ), and protonated amine (N + ) of PANI, further confirming the successful coating of PANI on the SiNW surface. [49] Figure 1. The synthesis procedure of a free-standing polyaniline/silicon nanowire forest on a silicon wafer substrate.…”

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) along with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) utilized to enhance the capacitance of conducting polymers (PANI and PPy)

“…4a-c Relative contribution to the total capacitance from capacitive or diffusion-controlled behavior. By utilising the power law 10,21,[67][68][69][70][71][72] (eqn (5)), it is possible to determine the relative contributions to the total capacitance from the surface or bulk mechanism. In this regard, the analysis of CV data at different scan rates (5-250 mV s −1 ) is displayed in Fig.…”

“…Carbon-based materials possessing higher surface areas are the most used ingredients in the supercapacitor domain and are included in EDLCs, which display lower specic capacitance in comparison to pseudocapacitors. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Faradaic pseudocapacitors are typically categorized into two classes, i.e., redox pseudocapacitance (redox reactions occur at the surface/near-surface) and intercalation pseudocapacitance (counter-ions of electrolyte intercalate inside layers existing in the active material of the electrode along with faradaic charge-transfer without any phase transitions). 11,12 To accomplish better electrochemical performance, various chemical and structural changes have been made to traditional materials that were previously used in the supercapacitor industry or the hybridization of these materials is done, resulting in hybrid composite systems with the synergistic effects of each constituent material.…”

Double-Porous Polyaniline-Based Cryogels with Carbon Nanofibers for Supercapacitors

“…Polyaniline (PANI) is one of the most studied conducting polymers, which has been widely used for electrochemical storage. − However, it is conventionally obtained as insoluble powder, which has limited processability and applicability . These properties can be improved by the preparation of soft, flexible, and mechanically strong PANI-based cryogels, combining physicochemical characteristics of the conducting polymer with mechanical properties of a polymer support .…”