Polyamine catabolism influences antioxidative defense mechanism in shoots and roots of five wheat genotypes under high temperature stress

Abstract

Effect of high temperature stress on polyamine catabolism and antioxidant enzyme activity in relation to glutathione, ascorbate and proline accumulation was studied in five wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes (differently susceptible to temperature stress). High temperature significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in shoots of all genotypes. Higher activities of GPX in C 306, C 273 and APX in PBW 550, PBW 343 and PBW 534 demonstrate their important role in scavenging H 2 O 2 . Conversely, high temperature stress led to a significant decline in SOD, CAT, APX and GPX activities of roots with a subsequent increase in diamine oxidase (DAO) and polyamine oxidase (PAO) activities especially in PBW 550 and PBW 343. The concentration of ascorbic acid declined with the imposition of heat stress, however, polyamines responded to high temperature stress by increasing spermidine and spermine levels and decreasing putrescine levels. After exposure to high temperature, proline accumulation was significantly decreased in roots and increased in shoots though maximum concentration was achieved in C 306 genotype. Apparently, the wheat seedlings respond to high temperature mediated increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by altering antioxidative defense mechanism and polyamine catabolism though differentially in five wheat genotypes. Among five genotypes studied, C 306 and C 273 seem to be better protected against temperature stress. The results suggested that shoots were more resistant against the destructive effects of ROS as is indicated by low levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances under high temperature stress.

The Stress of Suicide: Temporal and Spatial Expression of Putative Heat Shock Protein 70 Protect the Cells from Heat Injury in Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

“…Increased GPX activity under HS in different genotypes of wheat, however, has been reported by few researchers (Goyal and Asthir 2010;Gupta and others 2013) which is in conformity with our observations. Increased GPX activity in HD2329 cultivar was also significant (Fig.…”

“…The activity showed a significant increase during pollination, grain-filling, and seed-hardening stages in response to 22°C (T 0 ), 30°C (T 1 ), and 35°C (T 2 ) for 2 h. However, non-significant differences in the activity of GPX were observed between heat stress of 35 and 40°C for 2 h at all the stages of growth. An increase in the GPX activity has, however, been reported in different genotypes of T. aestivum under HS (Goyal and Asthir 2010). A decrease in the b Fig.…”

Relationships between polyamines, ethylene, osmoprotectants and antioxidant enzymes activities in wheat seedlings after short-term PEG- and NaCl-induced stresses

“…It has been suggested that stress-tolerant plants increased exogenous PAs level to a greater extent than sensitive ones and those with a higher number of amino groups (Spm and Spd) are more effective in scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS), produced under stress conditions, than Put (Kubiś 2008). A decrease in titers of individual fractions or total PAs has also been demonstrated, which indicated complex polyamine biosynthesis in response to stress (Goyal and Asthir 2010). It was also proposed that conjugated forms of PAs may be involved in the defense mechanism as controllers of free PAs transport and as regulators of the PAs-titer in stress conditions (Liu et al 2006).…”

Modulation of antioxidant defense system and polyamine catabolism in rice leaves under two planting conditions

“…PAs stabilises biological membranes and cellular structures by directly binding to membrane phospholipids, direct scavenging of free radicals, osmotic adjustment, maintaining a cation-anion balance and binding to the antioxidant enzymes and elevating their activities (Roychoudhury et al 2011). Alteration in PA content and catabolism have been shown in plants under stressful condition (Goyal and Asthir 2010). Diamine oxidase (DAO) and polyamine oxidase (PAO) produces H 2 O 2 via catabolism of PAs that is considered as a causative element for apoptotic cell death in plants (Kuehn and Phillips 2005).…”

“…Accumulation of proline is a widespread plant response to environmental stresses in plants (Chakraborty and Tongden 2005). Proline as an osmolyte, a ROS scavenger and a molecular chaperone, accumulate in rice tissues where it helps in promoting water retention and alleviating the negative effect of drought stress (Mostajeran and Rahimi-Eichi 2009;Goyal and Asthir 2010;Szabados and Savoure 2010). Measurement of antioxidants and osmolyte in response to aerobic (less water availability) condition may provide valuable information on the various strategies of the plant intended to remove ROS.…”