Polyamide membranes enabled by covalent organic framework nanofibers for efficient reverse osmosis

Abstract

Polyamide reverse osmosis membranes are indispensable for the worldwide clean water supply. Incorporation of nanomaterials into polyamide separation layer provides an evident methodology to enhance the water flux. However, the desalination performance would be compromised by the inadequate com-

Assembling covalent organic framework membranes via phase switching for ultrafast molecular transport

“…Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of crystalline polymers with tunable and permanent pores, atomically ordered pore structures, and high porosity, constructed by the covalent linkage of organic building blocks (or monomers) based on reticular chemistry 11 – 14 . The diversity of organic building blocks endows COFs with exceptional structural designability, enabling the customization of the pore size and the functionality at molecular level 15 – 18 . For instance, choosing appropriate monomers, the COF pores can be manipulated to separate molecules based on size, shape, or charge 19 – 21 .…”

Development of seawater reverse osmosis membranes for efficient desalination and boron removal

“…The measurement results demonstrated that the liposomes-integrated membranes, produced through either the conventional blending or spray-assisted strategies, exhibited smaller contact angles compared to the control membrane, indicating the formation of highly wettable surfaces. Wenzel's theory tightly associates surface hydrophilicity with surface roughness, stating that increased roughness can amplify hydrophilicity on an intrinsically hydrophilic surface (Yang et al 2022). Thus, the decreased contact angles observed in the BM-Conv and BM-Spray membranes (58.8°-60.6°) could be attributed to their rougher membrane surfaces, which facilitated the dispersion of water droplets.…”