Poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(methyl methacrylate) blend membranes for pervaporation separation of water+isopropanol and water+1,4-dioxane mixtures

Pervaporation dehydration of isopropanol using blend membranes of chitosan and hydroxypropyl cellulose

“…Pervaporation experiments were performed in an apparatus designed indigenously and described before [1,24]. The PV apparatus consists of a stirred stainless steel cell through which a feed stack was kept.…”

Blend Membranes of Sodium Alginate/Poly(Styrene Sulfonic Acid) for Isopropanol Dehydration

“…Pervaporation experiments were performed as per earlier protocols [4,6] for a 20 cm 2 area membrane in 70 g of feed mixture after equilibrating to about 2 to 4 h in the feed mixture. Weight of permeate measured on a Mettler Balance (model B 204-S; Mettler, Greifensee, Switzerland, accuracy 10 −4 g) was used to calculate flux (J , in kg/m 2 per h) using the weight of liquid permeated, W (kg), effective membrane area, A (m 2 ) and measurement time, t (h) as:…”

“…Transport across the PV membrane occurs due to sorption and diffusion of liquids; however, evaporation occurs from the downstream side [5]. Among the many polymers used as membranes, polymer blends are attractive, since these could offer increased flux and selectivity over the homo-polymeric membranes [6][7][8]. Even though NaAlg has been widely used as a PV membrane, due to its drawbacks like water-soluble property and mechanical weakness [9], blends, grafts and filled composite membranes of NaAlg have been attempted [2,[10][11][12][13].…”

Sodium montmorillonite clay loaded novel mixed matrix membranes of poly(vinyl alcohol) for pervaporation dehydration of aqueous mixtures of isopropanol and 1,4-dioxane

“…5. Pristine PVA has a T g of 61 • C [33], which was shifted to 66 and 71 • C after incorporation of Na + MMT particles into PVA, suggesting a restricted segmental motion of PVA chains due to intercalation. This will inhibit an excessive sorption of PVA in the presence of hydrophilic solvents, thereby facilitating water selectivity of the membrane.…”