Poly(glycerol citrate)‐polylactide nonwovens toward tissue engineering applications

Abstract

In 2002, Robert Langer proposed that new polyester for tissue engineering should have good mechanical properties followed by: covalent bonding (as crosslinking) and hydrogenbonding interactions; and should be elastic like rubber materials due to three-dimensional network structure. Considering these hypotheses, a polyester made of glycerol and citric acid was designed in this work. Poly(glycerol citrate) should be attractive for tissue engineering because both glycerol and citric acid, taking part in natural human metabolic pathways; and due to the reactant's functionality, 3D networks should be produced easily.Moreover, the reagents are cheap, available, and often used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. In this work, poly(glycerol citrate) was synthesized and then used with PLA for creating porous nonwovens by electrospinning. Produced materials were tested for possible application in the field of tissue engineering. The obtained materials have properties similar to collagen fibers, but still, require refinement for medical applications.

Multifluid electrospinning for multi-drug delivery systems: pros and cons, challenges, and future directions

“…232 A new perspective is developing of electrospun biomaterials according sustainable rules. In the literature several authors have already focused on green polymers, [233][234][235] natural polymers, 144,158,159 and green solvents for fabrication of electrospun scaffolds. 232,236 The next change in future decades is to save energy.…”

Special Features of Polyester-Based Materials for Medical Applications

“…Research involving the use of PLA in a blend was investigated by Wrzecionek et al [ 90 ], in which they synthesized poly(glycerol citrate) PGCit and further mixed it with PLA for creating porous nonwovens by electrospinning. The produced materials were tested for possible application in the field of tissue engineering.…”

“…The produced materials were tested for possible application in the field of tissue engineering. The addition of PGCit is a new approach; however, as authors pointed out, the obtained materials need further refinement before being extended to larger-scale medical applications [ 90 ].…”

Biological Activity of Poly(1,3‐propanediol citrate) Films and Nonwovens: Mechanical, Thermal, Antimicrobial, and Cytotoxicity Studies

“…[34] Given the positive results of cytotoxicity testing of citric acid-based polyesters and various poly(glycerol dicarboxylates), the potential of such materials as antimicrobial scaffolds for cell culture is deemed worthwhile studying. [35][36][37][38] With the aim to contribute to increas-ing the range of potential biomaterials, it was decided to test the cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of poly(1,3-propanediol citrate), which has not been reported yet.…”