Poly(ethylene glycol) Diacrylate Based Electro‐Active Ionic Elastomer

Rajapaksha, Chathuranga Prageeth; Feng, Chenrun; Kyu, Thein; Cao, Jinwei; Kaphle, Vikash; Lüssem, Björn; Kyu, Thein; Jákli, Antal

doi:10.1002/marc.201900636

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…The past few decades have witnessed a flourishing development of electro-mechanical transducers for use in soft robotics [1][2][3], sensors [4,5] and micropower generations [6][7][8][9]. Piezoelectricity and flexoelectricity are the two major physical mechanisms for linear electro-mechanical transduction for insulating materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexo-Ionic Effect of Ionic Liquid Crystal Elastomers

et al. 2021

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The first study of the flexo-ionic effect, i.e., mechanical deformation-induced electric signal, of the recently discovered ionic liquid crystal elastomers (iLCEs) is reported. The measured flexo-ionic coefficients were found to strongly depend on the director alignment of the iLCE films and can be over 200 µC/m. This value is orders of magnitude higher than the flexo-electric coefficient found in insulating liquid crystals and is comparable to the well-developed ionic polymers (iEAPs). The shortest response times, i.e., the largest bandwidth of the flexo-ionic responses, is achieved in planar alignment, when the director is uniformly parallel to the substrates. These results render high potential for iLCE-based devices for applications in sensors and wearable micropower generators.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexo-Ionic Effect of Ionic Liquid Crystal Elastomers

et al. 2021

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“…These polymer stabilized lenses can be useful for sensing polarization states of incoming lights, which can be used to separate visual fields into objects and backgrounds, [39,40] thus providing extra information about the environment otherwise not possible for conventional spherical lenses. These lenses can also be made tunable for various external fields as such tunability of LC polymer networks has been recently demonstrated in electric [35,41,42] and magnetic fields, [43] heat, [44,45] and light. [46,47] It will be also straightforward to deposit thin metal layers on these lens arrays, thereby providing tunable paraboloid reflectors that could be used as microantennas or for light collectors for novel photovoltaic devices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nematic lenses without chiral dopant are only metastable but can be stabilized by a small amount of photopolymerized reactive monomers dispersed in the lens. [33][34][35] With chiral dopant added to the nematic material, the lenses remain stable at rest but can also be polymer stabilized against mechanical disturbances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Stabilized Paraboloid Liquid Crystal Microlenses with Integrated Pancharatnam–Berry Phase

Perera

Padmini

Mann

et al. 2021

Advanced Optical Materials

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use spatially varying refractive index profiles to vary the effective refractive index n(r) and therefore, the optical path, n(r) × d. In PB phase lenses, in the plane of the lens the azimuthal angle (β) of the director varies with radius in the plane normal to the light path [11] causing the radial component of the refractive index to vary as well.Convex [12,13] or concave [14] lenses, such as eyeglasses, have simple spherical surfaces, while Fresnel [15][16][17] lenses have complex shapes that contain portions of a sphere. Even with a perfectly designed and manufactured spherical lens profile, some distortion, called spherical aberration, is created for light that passes through the lens away from its center. To improve optical properties, aspheric lenses, [18][19][20] which gradually change the curvature from the center of the lens out to the edge, can be used. Aspheric lenses may be designed to eliminate spherical aberration, create a wider field of view, and deliver improved spot size [21] and better peripheral vision with a more compact, lighter design. [19,20,22,23] Although every surface that deviates from spherical symmetry is an aspheric surface, optical designers typically consider aspheres to be nonspheric, rotationally symmetric surfaces. Mathematically, they are frequently described using conic sections for the radial dependence of the surface, [24] where the radial dependence of the surface profile z(r) along the lens' axis is given in Equation (1) as

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“…All reagents and solvents were purchased from Aldrich, TCI, or Wako and used as received without further purification. NMR spectra were recorded using a JEOL JNM-ECS400 at 400 and 100 MHz for 1 H NMR and 13 C NMR in CDCl 3 , respectively. The chemical shifts of 1 H and 13 C NMR signals were quoted in parts per million to internal standard Me 4 Si (δ = 0.00) and CDCl 3 (δ = 77.00).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroactive Soft Actuators Based on Columnar Ionic Liquid Crystal/Polymer Composite Membrane Electrolytes Forming 3D Continuous Ionic Channels

Cao

Aimi

Yoshio

2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Here, we report low-voltage-driven fast-response nanostructured columnar ionic liquid crystal/polymer composite actuators that form three-dimensional continuous ion channels. A three-component self-assembly of a zwitterionic rod-like molecule (49.5 wt %), an ionic liquid (27.5 wt %), and poly(vinyl alcohol) (23.0 wt %) provided a free-standing stretchable membrane electrolyte. The dissociated ions can move through a continuous 3D ionophilic matrix surrounding the hydrophobic columns formed by the hexagonally organized rod-mesogens. Three-layer actuators composed of the electrolyte film sandwiched between two conductive polymer film electrodes of doped polythiophene exhibited a bending motion with 0.32% strain and moved 2 mm within 220 ms under 1 V at 0.1 Hz in 70% relative humidity due to the formation of electric double layers at the soft solid electrolyte/electrode interfaces. The bending strain of the columnar nanostructured actuator is comparable to those of polymer iongel actuators and block polymer actuators containing 25−80 wt % of ionic liquids. It is noteworthy that a small number of ions organized into the 3D nanochannels can generate the large bending deformation, which can contribute to reduce the risk of leakage of ions and the production cost. In addition, we have demonstrated a low-voltage-driven deformable mirror actuator that is expected to be applied to optical devices.

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Poly(ethylene glycol) Diacrylate Based Electro‐Active Ionic Elastomer

Cited by 16 publications

References 52 publications

Flexo-Ionic Effect of Ionic Liquid Crystal Elastomers

Flexo-Ionic Effect of Ionic Liquid Crystal Elastomers

Polymer Stabilized Paraboloid Liquid Crystal Microlenses with Integrated Pancharatnam–Berry Phase

Electroactive Soft Actuators Based on Columnar Ionic Liquid Crystal/Polymer Composite Membrane Electrolytes Forming 3D Continuous Ionic Channels

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