Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrene sulfonate) in antibacterial, tissue engineering and biosensors applications: Progress, challenges and perspectives

Abstract

With the advancement of applications in biomedicines and bioelectronics, conducting polymers have attained huge significant attention. For such applications, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is considered a potential conducting polymer because of its low cost, considerable stability, high conductivity and mechanical strength. Most importantly, its easy aqueous solution processability makes it more attractive. Over the last few years, PEDOT: PSS has been predominantly explored and investigated for different optoelectronic flexible devices, and recently it has been studied for biomedical applications.PEDOT:PSS based materials have made progress in biomedicines due to their properties such as biocompatibility, cell proliferation, antibacterial, nontoxicity and so forth. To adjust the desirable properties, special attention is required for altering the structure of PEDOT:PSS material. PEDOT:PSS offers excellent antibacterial properties against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, PEDOT:PSS demonstrates an important role in sensing human body humidity, pressure control, glucose detection, as well as employed in human sweat sensors. Besides these, PEDOT:PSS has been studied as a scaffold for endothelial cell preservation. There are several issues which need to be resolved in the future, such as improved biocompatibility and stability to explore the PEDOT:PSS based composite materials in biomedical applications. However, a related review article is lacking, directed on the PEDOT:PSS biomedical applications, namely, antibacterial, tissue engineering, and biosensing. Therefore, the current article summarizes importance of PEDOT:PSS for biomedical applications, and main emphasis is given to its recent advances, challenges and perspectives.

Nanotechnology for High‐Performance Textiles: A Promising Frontier for Innovation

“…[114,121,122] Conductive polymers such as polyaniline (PANI), polypyrrole (PPy), and poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT : PSS), make up a new frontier that can be realized as antibacterial agents for biomedical applications. [123] The conductivity of the polymers is responsible for antiviral and antibacterial properties by causing cell damage. These have been shown to protect against bacterial infections in hospitals, especially in COVID-19 patients.…”

Photoelectron Spectroscopy Reveals the Impact of Solvent Additives on Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) Thin Film Formation

“…T h e c o n d u c t i v e p o l y m e r p o l y ( 3 , 4ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PE-DOT:PSS) finds its application in a plethora of devices, ranging from organic and hybrid organic−inorganic optoelectronic applications 1−5 to biosensors 6,7 and thermoelectric applications. 4,8−10 The wide application of PEDOT:PSS is brought about by its high conductivity, easy accessibility, and low-temperature solution processability.…”

“…The conductive polymer poly­(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly­(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) finds its application in a plethora of devices, ranging from organic and hybrid organic–inorganic optoelectronic applications − to biosensors , and thermoelectric applications. ,− The wide application of PEDOT:PSS is brought about by its high conductivity, easy accessibility, and low-temperature solution processability. − The hydrophobic PEDOT is a conjugated polymer and responsible for the high conductivity, whereas insulating hydrophilic PSS acts as a counter ion to stabilize doped PEDOT and to enable the dispersion of PEDOT in water . The structure of PEDOT:PSS can be explained by its conjugated orbitals: some of the CC double bonds of PEDOT exhibit a benzoid structure as they do in the monomer, which leads to a coil-like macroscopical structure, and the PEDOT-rich core is enclosed by a PSS-rich shell. − …”

Continuous Flow Synthesis of Substituted 3,4-Propylenedioxythiophene Derivatives

“…Of the large varieties of conjugated polymers available, polymers based on 3,4-dioxythiophene monomers have become one of the most studied and commercially extensively used materials for the last three decades. This is because of the unique properties such as redox activity, environmental, chemical, and thermal stabilities, film-forming ability, as well as visible region optical properties . As a result of this, poly­(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) films with suitable additives are one of the earliest flexible thin-film electrochromic devices prepared .…”