Poluição do ar e mortalidade em idosos no Município do Rio de Janeiro: análise de série temporal

Abstract

This study investigates the association between particulate air pollution and mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases among the elderly in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Death counts, levels of total suspended particles (TSP), and meteorological data were obtained from secondary databases. Daily counts of deaths and daily TSP levels from 1990 to 1993 were analyzed in Poisson regression models adjusted for long-term temporal trends, seasonality, weekdays, temperature, and humidity. For an increase in TSP levels from the 10th to the 90th percentile (104.7 microg/m3), the relative risks for mortality in elderly people from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases were 1.04 (95%CI: 0.96-1.13) and 1.10 (95%CI: 0.97-1.26) respectively. Although an upward trend in risk was observed, the associations were not statistically significant, which could be explained partially by the small number of pollution measures available for the period analyzed.

A systematic review of the physical and chemical characteristics of pollutants from biomass burning and combustion of fossil fuels and health effects in Brazil

“…Unfortunately, few studies related to the adverse health effects of PM 2.5 have been carried out in this region. Source: Gouveia et al 35 (A); Gouveia et al 35 (B); Gouveia et al 49 (C); Gouveia & Fletcher 22 (D); Gouveia et al 35 (E); Freitas et al 38 (F); Daumas et al 42 (G); Martins et al 41 …”

“…Ninety articles (66%) deal with the adverse respiratory effects of air pollution of which 54 (60%) were selected 21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,…”

“…Several time-series studies were conducted in metropolitan areas to investigate the health effects of air pollution 21,22,23,27,28,31,32,35,36,38,41,42,44,46,49,64,69,74 . Published in 2007, the first studies on the health effects of air pollution in biomass burning areas in the Brazilian Amazon were limited to descriptive studies and focused mainly on asthma 59,61,65,66,72 .…”

Poluição do ar e baixo peso ao nascer no Município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 2002

“…Embora os mecanismos pato-fisiológicos dos efeitos da poluição não sejam completamente conhecidos, a literatura sugere que os grupos mais suscetíveis são as crianças, os idosos e portadores de doenças crônicas 2,3 . Os eventos de saúde mais freqüentemente estudados são a morbidade e mortalidade por doenças respiratórias e cardiovasculares 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14 , câncer de pulmão 15,16 , diminuição da função respiratória 17,18 e absenteísmo escolar 19 .…”

Avaliação da correlação entre as concentrações de poluentes atmosféricos e a mortalidade de idosos no município de Curitiba

“…(SALDIVA et al, 1995;CONCEIÇÃO et al, 2001;BRAUN, 2003;DAUMAS;MENDONÇA e LÉON, 2004;FREITAS et al, 2004). Os resultados também são corroborados por estudos em outros países, como por exemplo, Schwartz e Marcus (1990), Dockery et al (1993), Ackermann-Liebrich et al (1997), Clancy et al (2002) …”