Pollution control technologies for the treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) through end-of-pipe processes

Wu, Ta Yeong; Mohammad, Abdul Wahab; Jahim, Jamaliah Md; Anuar, Nurina

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.02.008

Cited by 288 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…In Malaysia, approximately 30 million tonnes of POME were released by 381 palm oil production mills in 2004 [1]. Malaysia produced at least 44 million tonnes of POME in 2008 [2]. An efficient and sustainable management system is therefore required for treatment of POME to protect the environment and monitor the degradation of river water in order to prevent environmental pollution [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of colour, TSS and COD from palm oil mill effluent (POME) using acid-washed coconut shell activated carbon: Kinetic and mechanism studies

2016

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Abstract. The disposal of palm oil mill effluent (POME) without proper treatment before being discharged into natural water sources has become undesirable because of high concentration of suspended solid (SS), oil and grease (O&G), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD). This study investigated the feasibility of removing colour, total suspended solid (TSS) and COD using acid-washed coconut shell based activated carbon (CSAC) through the evaluation of the adsorption uptake as well as the adsorption kinetics and mechanism. The percentage removal of colour, TSS and COD from POME onto CSAC were 61%, 39%, 66%, respectively achieved within 48 hours of contact time. The kinetic models studied were pseudo-first-order (PFO), pseudo-secondorder (PSO), and Elovich models. The intra-particle diffusion (IPD) model was studied to interpret the adsorption diffusion mechanism. The adsorption of colour, TSS and COD onto CSAC were best interpreted by the PSO model, and well fitted by the Elovich model. The IPD and Boyd plots indicated that IPD and film diffusion controlled the adsorption of colour, TSS and COD onto the CSAC.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of colour, TSS and COD from palm oil mill effluent (POME) using acid-washed coconut shell activated carbon: Kinetic and mechanism studies

2016

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“…In some POMs, the PK pressing process produces PK oil. Figure 4 depicts the palm oil milling procedure in Malaysian factories (Mahlia et al, 2001;Wu et al, 2010).…”

Section: Palm Oil Mill Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollutant in palm oil production process

Hosseini

Wahid

2013

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a by-product of the palm industry and it releases large amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Water systems are also contaminated by POME if it is released into nonstandard ponds or rivers where it endangers the lives of fish and water fowl. In this paper, the environmental bottlenecks faced by palm oil production were investigated by analyzing the data collected from wet extraction palm oil mills (POMs) located in Malaysia. Strategies for reducing pollution and technologies for GHG reduction from the wet extraction POMs were also proposed. Average GHG emissions produced from processing 1 ton of crude palm oil (CPO) was 1100 kg CO 2 eq. This amount can be reduced to 200 kg CO 2 eq by capturing biogases. The amount of GHG emissions from open ponds could be decreased from 225 to 25 kg CO 2 eq/MT CPO by covering the ponds. Installation of biogas capturing system can decrease the average of chemical oxygen demand (COD) to about 17,100 mg/L and stabilizing ponds in the final step could decrease COD to 5220 mg/L. Using a biogas capturing system allows for the reduction of COD by 80% and simultaneously using a biogas capturing system and by stabilizing ponds can mitigate COD by 96%. Other ways to reduce the pollution caused by POME, including the installation of wet scrubber vessels and increasing the performance of biogas recovery and biogas upgrading systems, are studied in this paper.Implications: Around 0.87 m 3 POME is produced per 1 ton palm fruit milled. POME consists of around 2% oil, 2-4% suspended solid, 94-96% water. In palm oil mills, more than 90% of GHGs were emitted from POME. From 1 ton crude palm oil, 1100 kg CO 2 eq GHGs are generated, which can be reduced to 200 kg CO 2 eq by installation of biogas capturing equipment.

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“…The extraction of palm oil involves several processing stages which are sterilization, stripping, digestion, pressing, clarification, purification and vacuum drying [4,5]. The most standard and typical way of extracting palm oil in Malaysia is the wet process of palm oil milling [6,7]. A large quantity of water is required at certain stage processes and more than half of this water amount ends up as palm oil mill effluent (POME).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The number of palm oil mills in Malaysia was increasing in the past few years, from about 10 mills in 1960 to 426 operating mills in 2011 [1,7]. However, the sustainability of palm oil production has always been questioned.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (Pome) as a Renewable Energy Source

Aziz¹,

Hanafiah²

2017

Acta sci. Malays

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The expanding of oil palm industry has given a significant benefit to the economic growth and country development. However, it has also contributed to environmental problems due to the production of huge quantities of waste and byproducts. Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a liquid discharge from the palm oil milling process. POME without proper treatment could be harmful to environment because it emitted greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. Therefore, due to its high organic carbon content, POME has currently been applied to generate biogas. This study aims to measure the physicochemical characteristics of untreated POME and the potential of POME as renewable energy. The physicochemical characteristics of raw POME such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia (NH3N), dry matter (DM) content and heavy metals were also measured and compared with the regulatory discharge limits. Converting POME to biogas can produce energy which save a huge source of renewable energy as well as reduce the environmental impacts of palm oil production.Cite this article as: Nur Izzah Hamna A. Aziz, Marlia M. Hanafiah (2017). The Potential Of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) As A Renewable Energy Source. Acta Scientifica Malaysia, 1(2):09-11.

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Pollution control technologies for the treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) through end-of-pipe processes

Cited by 288 publications

References 151 publications

Adsorption of colour, TSS and COD from palm oil mill effluent (POME) using acid-washed coconut shell activated carbon: Kinetic and mechanism studies

Adsorption of colour, TSS and COD from palm oil mill effluent (POME) using acid-washed coconut shell activated carbon: Kinetic and mechanism studies

Pollutant in palm oil production process

The Potential of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (Pome) as a Renewable Energy Source

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