Pollination by bats and birds in the obligate outcrosser Bombax ceiba L. (Bombacaceae), a tropical dry season flowering tree species in the Eastern Ghats forests of India

Raju, A. J. Solomon; Rao, S. Purnachandra; Rangaiah, K.

doi:10.2326/osj.4.81

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The pollen number per anther in a species may vary in varied environmental conditions. For example, 88,630 pollen grains per anther were estimated in Santiniketan, Kolkata (Bhattacharya and Mandal 2000) and 6,308 ± 14 pollen grains per anther at Lambasingi-Lotugedda in the Eastern Ghats forests of Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh, India (Raju et al 2005). However, in the present study at Aizawl, Mizoram the pollen grains per anther in B. ceiba were recorded as 18,610 ± 1,189.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

“…However, the present study was undertaken to understand the flower and pollen production behaviour of five tropical tree species, viz., Bombax ceiba, Erythrina stricta, Lagerstroemia speciosa, Mesua ferrea and Schima wallichii with reference to the setting of fruits. The information on the pollination and reproductive biology of the selected tree species is meagre except for the few studies done by Raju et al (2005), Khanduri et al (2013), Khanduri (2014) and Khanduri et al (2014). Although the taxonomic, ethnobotanical, medicinal and pharmacological dimensions of the selected tree species have been worked out so far (Subhashini et al 2011;Tavares et al 2011;Chanda et al 2013), the processes of pollen production and pollination systems have been grossly ignored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the taxonomic, ethnobotanical, medicinal and pharmacological dimensions of the selected tree species have been worked out so far (Subhashini et al 2011;Tavares et al 2011;Chanda et al 2013), the processes of pollen production and pollination systems have been grossly ignored. The mating system in B. ceiba and S. wallichii is cross pollinated and partially self-incompatible (Raju et al 2005;Khanduri et al 2013). However, most of the species in genus Erythrina are selfincompatible (Etcheverry and Alemán 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of pollen production in mating success in some tropical tree species

2014

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This study was conducted to estimate the amount of pollen produced by three entomophilous and two ornithophilous tropical woody taxa. It seeks to establish their reproductive success in relation to each other and contribution to the concentration of pollen in the air. The taxa selected were Bombax ceiba, Erythrina stricta (both ornithophilous), Lagerstroemia speciosa, Mesua ferrea and Schima wallichii (all entomophilous); which were studied in three different calendar years (2010, 2011 and 2012). M. ferrea produced the highest number of pollen grains per tree (3.85-6.60 9 10 10 ) and B. ceiba highest number of pollen grains per anther (18,610 ± 1,189.49). The pollen grains produced were estimated to be about 100 million per tree in all the studied species except M. ferrea, which produced about 10 billion pollen grains per tree. There were both good and poor production years in all the studied species. During the course of the 3-year study, B. ceiba, E. stricta and S. wallichii produced maximum number of pollen grains per tree in the year 2011, whereas maximum pollen production was observed in M. ferrea in the year 2010. However, the 2 years (2010 and 2012) mass production was observed in L. speciosa. During the high pollen production years, the fruit setting was also recorded to be high. It is interesting to point out that in E. stricta, the fruit setting was 88.5 and 91.72 % higher (i.e. 39.12 ± 3.63 %) in the year 2011 as compared to the years 2010 (4.48 ± 0.63 %) and 2012 (3.24 ± 0.49 %), respectively.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of pollen production in mating success in some tropical tree species

2014

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“…Corollas of the flower are used to treat uterine disorders and hysteria (TAMRAKAR, 1992;LI-ZHEN;LI, 1997). The knowledge about the biology of reproductive systems of the selected five aforesaid tree species is skimpy except for the few studies done by Raju et al (2005), Khanduri et al (2013), Khanduri (2014) and Khanduri et al (2015). Though the taxonomic, ethnobotanical, medicinal and pharmacological extent of the studied tree species were worked by You et al (2003) for Bombax ceiba, Subhashini et al (2011) for Erythrina stricta, Chanda et al (2013) for Mesua ferrea, MISHRA et al (1990) for Lagerstroemia speciosa and Li-Zhen and Li, (1997) for Schima wallichii, the detailed breeding systems of all the selected species have been ignored repulsively so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mating system and seedling growth of five tropical tree species

Khanduri¹

2016

Sci. For.

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ResumoUm estudo foi feito para determinar o sistema reprodutivo de três espécies arbóreas tropicais entomófilas e duas espécies ornitófilas através de cuzamentos controlados e seu impacto sobre a germinação das sementes. As espécies selecionadas foram Bombax ceiba, Erythrina stricta (ambas ornitófilas), Lagerstroemia speciosa, Mesua ferrea e Schima wallichii (todas entomófilas). O índice do valor de auto-incompatibilidade (ISI) para as distintas espécies foi de 0,00 para B. ceiba, 0,04 para E. sricta, 0,62 para L. speciosa, 0,60 para M. ferrea e 0,48 para S. wallichii. Os resultados revelaram que B. ceiba e E. sricta são espécies auto-incompatíveis, enquanto L. speciosa, M. ferrea e S. wallichii são parcialmente auto-incompatíveis. As sementes produzidas por polinização controlada resultaram em maior germinação de sementes seguidas das sementes desenvolvidas por polinização aberta em todas as espécies estudadas.Palavras-chave: Sistema reprodutivo, auto-fecundação, fecundação cruzada, fertilização floral, depressão de endogamia. AbstractThis study was conducted to estimate breeding system through controlled crosses and its impact on seed germination percentage of three entomophilous and two ornithophilous tropical woody taxa. The taxa selected were Bombax ceiba, Erythrina stricta (both ornithophilous), Lagerstroemia speciosa, Mesua ferrea and Schima wallichii (all entomophilous). The index of self incompatibility (ISI) value for different species was 0.00 for B. ceiba, 0.04 for E. sricta, 0.62 for L. speciosa, 0.60 for M. ferrea and 0.48 for S. wallichii. The results revealed that B. ceiba and E. sricta are self incompatible species whereas L. speciosa, M. ferrea and S. wallichii are partially self incompatible. The seeds produced from controlled cross-pollination proclaimed highest seed germination followed by the seeds developed through open pollination in all the study species.

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“…Pollen from Bombax is very common in this sample. The Bombax would have grown close to the depositional site, as this vegetation is zoophilous and entomophilous (Raju et al, 2005). Also growing close to the depositional site, possibly among the Bombax, were palm trees, as abundant palm pollen was recovered from this sample.…”

Section: Species Growing Within the Cool Temperate Beech Forest May Have Includedmentioning

confidence: 91%

Late Miocene paleogeography and flora of north-western Wairarapa, New Zealand

Henden¹

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<p>The Late Miocene flora and paleogeography of north-western Wairarapa were determined by examining and sampling the Upper Miocene marine and non-marine deposits of the Mangaoranga Formation. This formation unconformably overlies Mesozoic greywacke basement in areas of north-west Wairarapa and contains the oldest sediments preserved immediately overlying basement in this area. Little work has been carried out previously to fully understand the depositional history of the formation or the surrounding vegetation cover. Thus, the present study is intended to improve interpretations of the Late Miocene paleogeography and flora of north-western Wairarapa. The strata of the Mangaoranga Formation were examined at three locations in north-western Wairarapa: at Mangaoranga Stream (Eketahuna), Central Mangaone Road (Eketahuna) and Mauriceville. For paleogeographic reconstructions, the strata were described at Mangaoranga Stream and subsequently correlated to strata at the Mauriceville and Central Mangaone Road sites. The formation was sampled several times at each site for palynological analysis. Additionally, samples available for pollen analysis from the Mt Bruce and Alfredton areas were also examined. The results of these analyses, in conjunction with mummified leaves, aided reconstructions of the Late Miocene vegetation cover. Fission-track analysis on apatite grains from Torlesse basement immediately below the formation was also undertaken, providing evidence for the cooling (and hence exhumation) and subsequent burial history of the basement strata. The results of the apatite fission-track analysis suggest that exhumation of the basement strata above the apatite closure temperature (110ºC) occurred between 36 – 25 Ma. The basement strata were subsequently exhumed at rates of 0.36 – 0.20 mm/yr or 0.28 – 0.16 mm/yr until exposed above sea level by about 11 Ma. Between 11 and 7 Ma, sedimentation of the Mangaoranga Formation occurred. First, northward-flowing braided rivers deposited conglomerate (sm1) in half-grabens. At the Mauriceville and Mangaoranga Stream sites, a large co-seismic lake developed, leading to the sedimentation of interbedded sandstone and mudstone (sm6). The lake persisted for around 95 ky and was often flooded. Eventually, the lake shallowed, and rivers flowed back across the area. The region was subsequently submerged as a marine transgression occurred, leading to the sedimentation of the upper three members of the Mangaoranga Formation (sandstone (sm3), siltstone (sm4) and mudstone (sm5)). Water depths in north-western Wairarapa reached a maximum of 600 ± 300 m by about 8 to 7 Ma. The results of the floral investigation indicate that areas of significant relief were present in north-western Wairarapa during the Late Miocene (possibly up to, or just over, 900 m above sea level). These areas were occupied by cool temperate beech (Nothofagus fusca type) forests, with minor components of Phyllocladus, Podocarpus spp. and Coprosma spp. On low-lying areas, warm temperate beech (Nothofagus brassi type) forests were common, which often contained Laurelia novaezelandiae and Dacrycarpus dacrydioides in areas with impeded drainage and, in areas with better drainage, Dacrydium cupressinum type. In coastal areas, woodland forests of Metrosideros spp. and Casuarinaceae spp. were common. Although no new direct information on the history of north-western Wairarapa between the latest Early Cretaceous and Middle Miocene was determined in this study, the apatite fission-track results suggest that little to no sedimentation occurred in the region between 36 – 25 Ma and 11 Ma, as cooling of the basement strata as a result of uplift and erosion occurred over this time.</p>

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Pollination by bats and birds in the obligate outcrosser Bombax ceiba L. (Bombacaceae), a tropical dry season flowering tree species in the Eastern Ghats forests of India

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

Role of pollen production in mating success in some tropical tree species

Role of pollen production in mating success in some tropical tree species

Mating system and seedling growth of five tropical tree species

Late Miocene paleogeography and flora of north-western Wairarapa, New Zealand

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