Pollination Biology of Platanthera Stricta (Orchidaceae) in Olympic National Park, Washington

Patt, Joseph M.; Merchant, Mark W.; Williams, ew R. E.; Meeuse, B. J. D.

doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1989.tb15093.x

Cited by 37 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Em geral, os níveis de frutificação registrados para outras espécies de Orchidaceae oscilam entre 16% e 52% (Thien & Marcks 1972, Smith & Snow 1976, Patt et al 1989, 3,4) and pollinators (5, 6, 7) of Rodriguezia bahiensis Rchb. f. 2.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Segundo Tremblay (1992), Epipactis palustris Crantz é a espécie, dentre as Orchidaceae estudadas, que possui a maior guilda de visitantes florais, com 103 espécies de polinizadores. Para outra espécie generalista de Orchidaceae, Plathantera stricta Lindley, cujos visitantes e polinizadores podem ser espécies de dípteros, besouros, abelhas, borboletas e mariposas, esta amplitude de vetores de pólen possibilitou sua reprodução e estabelecimento em áreas com clima e disponibilidade de polinizadores imprevisíveis (Patt et al 1989 et al (1996), analisando os números de polinizadores registrados para Orchidaceae da Europa, constataram que cada espécie é visitada em média por cerca de oito espécies e cinco gêneros distintos de visitantes, valores que pouco diferem do registrado para outras famílias como Ranunculaceae e Polemoniaceae.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Nas flores nectaríferas de Orchidaceae, o néctar geralmente é produzido e armazenado no cálcar, uma estrutura que surge como prolongamento de algum segmento do perianto, podendo ser tubular ou saquiforme (Dressler 1981). Alguns tipos de cálcares podem restringir a atividade dos visitantes a um único grupo com capacidade de acessar o recurso floral (Robertson & Wyatt 1990, Johnson 1997a, enquanto outros podem ser acessíveis a diferentes grupos de visitantes (Smith & Snow 1976, Patt et al 1989, Okada et al 1996.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Rodriguezia bahiensis Rchb. f. : biologia floral, polinizadores e primeiro registro de polinização por moscas Acroceridae em Orchidaceae

Carvalho¹,

Machado

2006

Rev. bras. Bot.

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-(Rodriguezia bahiensis Rchb. f.: floral biology, pollinators, and first record of Acroceridae fly pollination in Orchidaceae). Rodriguezia is distributed throughout Tropical America, comprising nearly 40 species, most of them little known regarding floral biology and pollination. Rodriguezia bahiensis is endemic to northeastern region of Brazil, it bears flower features that suggest pollination by butterflies and bees. However, the population studied is associated to a large array of visitors, including bees, butterflies, moths, hummingbirds and Acroceridae flies, the last group being for the first time recorded as pollinators in Orchidaceae. Flowers offer low quantities of nectar as reward that together with the nectar guides imitating pollen suggests the occurrence of a combined system of reward and deceit of pollinators. Though population studied is associated with a high number of visitors, natural fruit set is low (6.57%) may be due to high frequency of pillagers and possible self-incompatibility in the studied species.Key words -fly pollination, generalist Orchidaceae, Rodriguezia, Philopota RESUMO -(Rodriguezia bahiensis Rchb. f.: biologia floral, polinizadores e primeiro registro de polinização por moscas Acroceridae em Orchidaceae). O gênero Rodriguezia distribui-se pela América Tropical, com cerca de 40 espécies, pouco conhecidas quanto à biologia floral e polinização. Rodriguezia bahiensis é endêmica ao Nordeste do Brasil e apresenta flores com atributos associados às síndromes de psicofilia e melitofilia. No entanto, a população estudada está associada a uma ampla guilda de visitantes florais incluindo borboletas, abelhas, mariposas, beija-flores e moscas Acroceridae, este último grupo registrado pela primeira vez atuando como polinizadores em representantes de Orchidaceae. As flores apresentam néctar como recurso, encontrado em baixa quantidade, o que em conjunto com a presença de guias de néctar imitando pólen sugere a ocorrência de um mecanismo de polinização combinando recompensa e engano. Embora a população estudada esteja associada a uma larga guilda de visitantes, a formação natural de frutos da população é baixa (6,57%), o que pode estar associado à alta frequência de pilhadores e possível auto-incompatibilidade na espécie estudada.Palavras-chave -Orchidaceae generalista, polinização por moscas, Rodriguezia, Philopota

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Rodriguezia bahiensis Rchb. f. : biologia floral, polinizadores e primeiro registro de polinização por moscas Acroceridae em Orchidaceae

Carvalho¹,

Machado

2006

Rev. bras. Bot.

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“…Nectar production generally occurs within the spur, as in Platanthera clorantha and Gymnadenia conopsea, but other flower parts such as petals and bracts can also produce nectar, as in Platanthera stricta and Disa elegans (Patt et al, 1989;Hobbhahn et al, 2013). Secretory structures such as surface papillae and smooth surface are the typical structures of nectar-producing plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Labellum micromorphology of some orchid genera (Orchidaceae) distributed in the Black Sea region in Turkey

Şeker¹,

Akbulut²,

Şenel³

2016

Turk J Bot

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IntroductionThe family Orchidaceae includes a high variety of epiphytes or parasites that have adapted to a wide range of ecological conditions all over the world (Leake, 2005). It contains many types of species in a wide geographic area from the tropical regions to the temperate zone. The wild orchids show rich biodiversity in Turkey. The family is represented by 24 genera. Together with hybrids, the number of taxa in Turkey is recorded as 229 (Güler and Deniz, 2012). Furthermore, some of the species selected for the present study are important in terms of salep production.The pollination strategy is one factor giving rise to orchid biodiversity (Rudall and Bateman, 2002;Box et al., 2008). These unique plants are noteworthy for their flower variations and pollination methods (Cozzolino and Widmer, 2005). Due to traits such as energy-rich food rewards or deceptive strategies, orchid flowers attract pollinators and increase pollination efficiency (

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“…A. morio belongs to the orchid group with an above ground rosette, which persists over winter (Jersáková et al 2002). -Platanthera bifolia (bog orchid), is found in moist habitats in temperate and subtropical regions (Patt et al 1989). It is a terrestrial orchid with a Eurasian distribution (Hultén and Fries 1986), growing in open forests and meadows (Stpiczyńska 1997) and flowering from May to July (www.botany.cz).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extent and reasons for meadows in South Bohemia becoming unsuitable for orchids

Štípková

Kindlmann

2015

European Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Decline in wet grasslands, which in the past resulted particularly from the intensification of agriculture, was accompanied by the loss of a lot of populations of organisms, including protected and endangered species of plants and animals associated with these habitats e.g. terrestrial orchids. The survival of populations of many species of European orchids is strongly dependent on appropriate site management, especially regular mowing or grazing. In addition, humans can negatively affect the persistence of orchid populations in various ways, such as conversion of orchid meadows into building areas, dams, roads etc. or the intensive use of fertilizers and contamination of areas by fertilisers from nearby fields. Comparison of historical data with the present distribution of orchids can reveal a lot about the main reasons for the decline in this endangered group of plants. Here we present an extensive study of the persistence of 192 historical orchid sites in South Bohemia, with particular reference to the 5 commonest species of orchids, Anacamptis morio, Dactylorhiza majalis, Epipactis helleborine, Epipactis palustris and Platanthera bifolia. We show that the most abundant species at the sites studied was Dactylorhiza majalis. E. palustris, A. morio and P. bifolia are currently not present at any of the historical localities for these species. Considering more recent history, the situation regarding orchid localities in South Bohemia is not critical, but the fate of these species should be closely monitored. The majority of this loss is due to the cessation of mowing of the sites. Thus more attention should be paid to the management of the existing sites. During this study, some new sites were discovered.Keywords: extinction, meadows, terrestrial orchids, South Bohemia (Kull 2002), but present methods of mowing does not necessarily result in the persistence of orchid populations (Tamm 1991). Effect of management on orchid populations is best assessed by long-term monitoring (Inghe and

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Pollination Biology of Platanthera Stricta (Orchidaceae) in Olympic National Park, Washington

Cited by 37 publications

References 22 publications

Rodriguezia bahiensis Rchb. f. : biologia floral, polinizadores e primeiro registro de polinização por moscas Acroceridae em Orchidaceae

Rodriguezia bahiensis Rchb. f. : biologia floral, polinizadores e primeiro registro de polinização por moscas Acroceridae em Orchidaceae

Labellum micromorphology of some orchid genera (Orchidaceae) distributed in the Black Sea region in Turkey

Extent and reasons for meadows in South Bohemia becoming unsuitable for orchids

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