Pollen viability and quantification of pollen grains in species of Physalis

Abstract

RESUMO -O objetivo do trabalho foi elaborar um meio de cultura para avaliação da viabilidade polínica e determinar o número de grãos de pólen por antera e por flor de espécies de fisális. O trabalho foi desenvolvido de forma sequencial, onde grãos de pólen de Physalis (P. angulata, P. ixocarpa, P. minima, P. peruviana e P. pubescens) foram submetidos à germinação em meio de cultura desenvolvido em quatro fases: verificação da concentração de ágar e pH, concentração de sacarose, nitrato de cálcio e ácido bórico. Para a contagem de grãos de pólen, cinco anteras foram coletadas entre cinco espécimes representativos de cada espécie, deixadas em repouso para ocorrência da deiscência e posteriormente adicionado ácido lático, para melhoria da visualização do grão de pólen. Após 48 horas o número de grãos de pólen foi quantificado com auxílio de câmara de Neubauer e o número de grãos de pólen por antera determinado por fórmula pré-estabelecida. Observou-se que todas as espécies possuem comportamento semelhante quanto às suas exigências para germinação do grão de pólen, sendo o pH do meio em torno de 5,4 e a concentração de ágar de 8 g L -1; todas as espécies mostram dependência de cálcio e boro para uma melhor viabilidade polínica, destacando-se P. minima em que a adição de boro não propiciou elevação acentuada na porcentagem de germinação. Quanto ao número de grãos de pólen as espécies podem ser divididas em dois grupos, com P. angulata, P. peruviana e P. pubescens com maior número de grãos de pólen por antera e por flor em relação a P. ixocarpa e P. minima.Palavras-chave: Physalis sp.. Meio de cultura. Novos cultivos. Viabilidade de pólen.ABSTRACT -The aim of this study was to develop a culture medium for the evaluation of pollen viability and to determine the number of pollen grains per anther and per flower in species of Physalis. The study was developed sequentially, where pollen grains of Physalis (P. angulata, P. ixocarpa, P. minima, P. peruviana and P. pubescens) underwent germination in a culture medium developed over four phases: checking the concentration of agar and the pH, and the concentrations of sucrose, calcium nitrate and boric acid. For the pollen count, five anthers were collected from five representative specimens of each species, allowed to settle for dehiscence to take place, with lactic acid then being added to improve visualisation of the pollen grains. After 48 hours, the number of pollen grains was quantified with the help of a Neubauer chamber, and the number of pollen grains per anther determined by pre-established formula. All species were seen to have similar behaviour in their requirements for pollen grain germination, the pH of the medium being around 5.4 and the agar concentration 8 g L -1. All species display a dependence on calcium and boron for better pollen viability, especially P. minima, where the addition of boron did not provide any sharp increase in the germination percentage. As for the number of pollen grains, the species can be divided into two groups, with P. angulata, P. p...

Calcium and boron foliar application in the production and quality of sweet pepper seeds

“…In tomato, Zamban et al (2018) obtained greater fruit production with application of calcium, but they did not evaluate seed production. Silva et al (2017) observed that both the application of calcium and boron increased the pollen grain germination rate and, consequently, the seed production per fruit in Physalis, as well as Nogueira et al (2015) in loquat plants. In cauliflower, Freitas et al (2021) reported an increase in seed production with the application of calcium in the reproductive stage.…”

“…The isolated application of calcium increased the number of seeds per fruit in 17% compared to the control (Table 1), but it did not differ from the treatment with combined application of calcium and boron. Calcium has several functions in the plant, including development and germination of pollen grains, in addition to pollen tube growth (Silva et al, 2017), which may explain the greater number of seeds obtained per fruit. Probably, this increasing in seed number is due to the increasing in the number of pollen grains with the application of calcium compared to the control in 21%.…”

Floral Biology and in vitro Germination of Nasturtium Pollen Grains Grown With Poultry Litter

“…It also promotes increased oxygen uptake and synthesis of pectin materials into the wall of pollen tubes. Silva et al (2017) verified that the addition of calcium nitrate to the culture medium favored in vitro increase in germination of the pollen grains by 30% for Physalis angulata L. On the other hand, calcium nitrate did not favor the germination of pollen grains in species such as Cydonia oblonga (Zambon et al, 2014), Rubus spp. (Figueiredo et al, 2013) and Pyrus spp.…”

“…The boron importance in culture media for evaluating the in vitro germination of pollen grains has been proven in different species such as Physalis spp. (Silva et al, 2017), Rubus spp. (Figueiredo et al, 2013), Pyrus calleryana and Pyrus betulaefolia (Chagas et al, 2010).…”

Productive and qualitative parameters of four Physalis species cultivated under colored shade nets

“…The genus Physalis L. belongs to the Solanaceae botanical family and its species are easily recognized by the peculiar morphology, especially in the fruit production, which are characterized by the presence of calix fruitful surrounding and inflated, it expands fully involving the fruit (CELY et al 2015;TREVISANI et al 2016;SILVA et al 2017). The majority have herbaceous characters and are spread over various continents of the world, especially in tropical and subtropical regions, from Southern North America to South America (SILVA et al 2017).…”