Pollen Development in Actinidia deliciosa var. deliciosa: Histochemistry of the Microspore Mother Cell Walls

White, Julie

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087929

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…A critical event in pollen development is the synthesis of callase by the tapetum to remove the callose walls, thus releasing the microspores from the tetrad (Fei and Sawhney 1999). Although much of the previous literature focuses on the formation and importance of callose in microsporogenesis, there is evidence of other wall materials being synthesized at various stages of early microspore development (Bhandari et al 1981;White 1990;Majewska-Sawka and RodriguezGarcia 1999;Otegui and Staehelin 2004). Such studies point to the need to further investigate the molecular complexity and function of the cell walls formed in the process of microsporogenesis, including the poorly understood process of meiotic cytokinesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsporogenesis inAmelanchier alnifolia: sporogenous cells, microsporocytes, and tetrads

Sumner

Remphrey

2005

Can. J. Bot.

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As part of an overall program aimed at increasing our knowledge of the male reproductive system of Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt., this study documents structural and developmental changes that occur in the sporogenous cells, microsporocytes, and tetrads of microspores during microsporogenesis using general cytochemical techniques in conjunction with bright field, fluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy. The sporogenous cells are thin walled and stain positively for b-1,4-glucans, pectic acids, and cellulose, but not callose. At the microsporocyte and tetrad stages of microsporogenesis, thick walls develop and stain positively for b-1,4-glucans (hemicelluloses but not cellulose), pectic acids, and callose. Thus, the eventual release of maturing microspores from the tetrads requires the digestion of all three of these carbohydrate wall materials. Postmeiotic cytokinesis is of the simultaneous type and is initiated when Golgi vesicles aggregate simultaneously into a network of cylindrical tubules in both central and peripheral cell locations of the coenocytic tetrad. Eventually, this network fuses to form the new cell walls within the microspore tetrad.Résumé : Cette contribution s'insère dans un programme d'ensemble visant à augmenter les connaissances du système reproducteur mâle de l'Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt. L'objectif de l'étude est d'observer les modifications des structures et du développement qui surviennent chez les cellules sporogènes, les microsporocytes et les tétrades de microspores, au cours de la microsporogénèse, en utilisant des techniques cytochimiques générales, avec la microscopie sur fond clair, en fluorescence et électronique par transmission. Les cellules sporogènes ont de minces parois et la coloration révèle des b-1,4-glucans, des acides pectiques et de la cellulose, mais pas de callose. Aux stades microsporocyste et tétrade de la microsporogénèse, des parois épaisses se développent où la coloration révèle la présence de b-1,4-glucans (hémicellulose, mais pas de cellulose) et des acides pectiques ainsi que de la callose. Conséquemment, le relâchement éventuel des microspores de la tétrade en maturation nécessite la digestion de l'ensemble de ces trois matériaux glucidiques pariétaux. La cytocinèse postméiotique de type simultané est initiée lorsque les vésicules de l'appareil de Golgi se regroupent en un réseau de tubules cylindriques simultanément aux localisations des cellules centrales et périphériques de la tétrade cénocytique. É ventuellement, ce réseau se fusionne pour former les nouvelles parois cellulaires, à l'intérieur de la tétrade de microspores.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsporogenesis inAmelanchier alnifolia: sporogenous cells, microsporocytes, and tetrads

Sumner

Remphrey

2005

Can. J. Bot.

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“…Each free elongated style opens out distally, becoming v-shaped with stigmatic papillae covering the ventral surface. The stamens of flowers on male and female vines are morphologically and histologically very similar, but male vines produce viable binucleate pollen whereas female vines produce only empty pollen grains (Rizet 1945;Schmid 1978;White 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender variation in Actinidia deliciosa, the kiwifruit

McNeilage

1991

Sexual Plant Reprod

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Summary. Flower and fruit characters were measured in ten female, five male and five fruiting male selections of A. deliciosa var deliciosa (A. Chev) Liang and Ferguson. Flowers from female vines had functional pistils, which contained many ovules. Stamens appeared to be fully developed but produced only empty pollen grains. Flowers from male vines had functional stamens that produced high percentages of pollen grains with stainable cytoplasmic contents. Pistils did not contain ovules and were generally small with vestigial styles. Fruiting male vines had both staminate and bisexual flowers. Staminate flowers were similar to those found on strictly male vines. Bisexual flowers produced ovules and stainable pollen. Pistils were smaller than in pistillate flowers. Although the three flower sexes differed in style length, ovary dimensions and ovules per carpel, staminate and bisexual flowers were similar in number of flowers per inflorescence, stamen filament length, pollen stainability, inflorescence rachis length and carpel number, and differed from pistillate flowers in these characters. The three flower sexes had similar sepal and petal numbers. The fruit of fruiting males were considerably smaller than those of females. Low ovule number appears to be the major factor limiting fruit size in the fruiting males studied. Prospects for developing hermaphroditic kiwifruit cultivars through breeding are discussed.

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“…Female plants produce morphologically perfect flowers with well-developed pistils and stamens (Plate 1.2D), but their stamens produce nonviable pollen; flowers of male plants have small, rudimentary ovaries (Plate 1.2C) without viable ovules but their stamens release viable pollen (Rizet 1945;Schmid 1978;White 1990). Pistil development in staminate flowers stops at an early stage (Brundell 1975;Schmid 1978;Polito and Grant 1984;Watanabe and Takahashi 1984) whereas pollen development in pistillate flowers stops at a very late stage of development (White 1990;Messina 1993;Scoccianti et al 1999;Coimbra et al 2004). This type of floral mimicry, in which unrewarding pistillate flowers mimic pollen-producing staminate flowers, is known as cryptic dioecy (Schmid 1978), and the stamens of pistillate flowers are important in attracting pollinating insects (Kawagoe and Suzuki 2004).…”

Section: Gender Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%