While nutritional outcomes in India have improved, albeit slowly, the policy framework fails to recognize the importance of food and agricultural policies in improving nutrition. This paper provides evidence on the sub‐national variation in food security and nutritional outcomes and links it to the governance structure and policy priorities. Sub‐national unit of analysis has been a common theme in the comparative literature and we apply the same to understand the nutrition‐food‐agriculture nexus within India. We find that the states with a better agricultural system and public provision of health and hygiene perform much better on the nutritional outcomes. This hearkens to the academic understanding of nutrition as a multi‐dimensional concept, which has been ignored by policymakers. We further call for more careful analysis of sub‐regional heterogeneity and the changing policy paradigms at the sub‐national level to address poor nutritional outcomes in India.