Political and institutional perils of Brazil's COVID-19 crisis

Barberia, Lorena; Gómez, Eduardo J.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31681-0

Cited by 128 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4] Many strategies to combat community spread have frozen almost every country's social and economic activities. [5][6][7] Vaccination is the best approach to lessen this dire situation. Worldwide, over 160 candidate COVID-19 vaccines are under development, with over 93 currently in clinical trials (42 in phase I, 30 in phase II, and 21 in phase III), as of March 2021.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in a high infection-rate country: a cross-sectional study in Russia

Tran¹,

Pak²,

Грибкова³

et al. 2021

Pharm Pract (Granada)

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Background: COVID-19 vaccine development is proceeding at an unprecedented pace. Once COVID-19 vaccines become widely available, it will be necessary to maximize public vaccine acceptance and coverage. Objective: This research aimed to analyze the predictors of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Russia. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among Russian adults from September 26th to November 9th, 2020. Predictors of the intent to take up COVID-19 vaccination were explored using logistic regression. Results: Out of 876 participants, 365 (41.7%) would be willing to receive the vaccine if it became available. Acceptance increased for a vaccine with verified safety and effectiveness (63.2%). Intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine was relatively higher among males (aOR=2.37, 95% CI 1.41-4.00), people with lower monthly income (aOR=2.94, 95%CI 1.32-6.57), and with positive trust in the healthcare system (aOR=2.73, 95% CI 1.76-4.24). The Russian people were more likely to accept the COVID-19 vaccine if they believed that the vaccine reduces the risk of virus infection (aOR=8.80, 95%CI 5.21-14.87) or relieves the complications of the disease (aOR=10.46, 95%CI 6.09-17.96). Other barriers such as being unconcerned about side-effects (aOR=1.65, 95%CI 1.03-2.65) and the effectiveness and safety of the vaccination (aOR=2.55, 95%CI 1.60-4.08), also affected acceptance. Conclusions: The study showed the usefulness of the health belief model constructs in understanding the COVID-19 vaccination acceptance rate in the Russian population. This rate was influenced by sociodemographic and health-related characteristics, and health beliefs. These findings might help guide future efforts for policymakers and stakeholders to improve vaccination rates by enhancing trust in the healthcare system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in a high infection-rate country: a cross-sectional study in Russia

Tran¹,

Pak²,

Грибкова³

et al. 2021

Pharm Pract (Granada)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Laboratory confirmation is essential for the timely management of cases to avoid the spread of transmission. However, the government of Brazil was unprepared (7,15,16), and is far below the ideal number of tests for COVID-19 (17) as there are not enough laboratory inputs to understand the overall panorama of the spread of the virus. Furthermore, confirmatory molecular tests depend on the availability of imported reagents, which are globally scarce, and on government investments that prioritize this strategy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Underreporting of Death by COVID-19 in Brazil's Second Most Populous State

Alves

Souza

Silva

et al. 2020

Front. Public Health

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The COVID-19 pandemic brings to light the reality of the Brazilian health system. The underreporting of COVID-19 deaths in the state of Minas Gerais (MG), where the second largest population of the country is concentrated, reveals government unpreparedness, as there is a low capacity of testing in the population, which prevents the real understanding of the general panorama of SARS-CoV-2 dissemination. The goals of this research are to analyze the causes of deaths in different Brazilian government databases (Civil Registry Transparency Portal and InfoGripe) and to assess whether there are sub-records showing an unexpected increase in the frequency of deaths from causes clinically similar to COVID-19. A descriptive and quantitative analysis of the number of deaths by COVID-19 and similar causes was performed in different databases. Our results demonstrate that different official sources had a discrepancy of 109.45% between these data referring to the same period. There was also a 758.57% increase in SARI deaths in 2020, when compared to the average of previous years. Finally, it was shown that there was an increase in the rate of pneumonia and respiratory insufficiency (RI) by 6.34 and 6.25%, respectively. In conclusion, there is an underreporting of COVID-19 deaths in MG due to the unexplained excess of deaths caused by SARI, respiratory insufficiency, and pneumonia compared to previous years.

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“…The Brazilian government’s response to Covid-19 pandemic has been described as nothing short of catastrophic given its ‘stunning lack of regard for public health […] and the virtual absence of Bolsonaro government’ (Ortega and Orsini 2020 : 1258). It was argued that, since the beginning of the coronavirus outbreak, the federal government in Brazil has shown one of the worst responses to the pandemic by failing to develop a national plan for combatting the pandemic and coordinating public health measures, refusing to follow scientific advice and international recommendations and prioritising economic growth over public health concerns (Ferigato et al 2020 ; Barberia and Gómez 2020 ; Lotta et al 2020 ). This resulted in Brazil becoming among the three countries with the largest number of confirmed cases and the highest mortality rate (Worldometers 2020 ), despite efforts by municipal administrations to implement public health interventions at the local level.…”

Section: The Sacrificial Politics Of Natural Herd Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunitarianism: defence and sacrifice in the politics of Covid-19

Ajana

2021

HPLS

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As witnessed over the last year, immunity emerged as one of most highly debated topics in the current Covid-19 pandemic. Countries around the globe have been debating whether herd immunity or lockdown is the best response, as the race continues for the development and rollout of effective vaccines against coronavirus and as the economic costs of implementing strict containment measures are weighed against public health costs. What became evident all the more is that immunity is precisely what bridges between biological life and political life in the current climate, be it in terms of the contentious notion of herd immunity, the geopolitical struggle for vaccines, or the possible emergence of “Covid-elite”, i.e. holders of so-called “immunity passports”. Immunity, as such, is certainly not only a matter of science and biology alone, but is inherently political in the way that pandemics themselves are often highly politicised. Drawing on the work of Roberto Esposito and other literature from the field of biopolitics and immunology, this paper provides a critical examination of the concept of immunity in light of the recent events, highlighting the intersections between the politics of defence and the politics of sacrifice which animate governments’ immunitary responses to the Covid-19 pandemic. The paper ends with a discussion on the forms of solidarity and local initiatives that have been mobilised during the current pandemic and their potential for an affirmative form of biopolitics. Overall, the main aim of this paper is to provide a critical cultural and philosophical analysis of Covid-19 debates and responses and a nuanced account on the biopolitical effects of the current pandemic, highlighting the paradoxical nature of immunity which straddles at once negative practices of defence and sacrifice as well as affirmative forms of community and solidarity beyond state apparatuses.

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Political and institutional perils of Brazil's COVID-19 crisis

Cited by 128 publications

References 4 publications

Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in a high infection-rate country: a cross-sectional study in Russia

Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in a high infection-rate country: a cross-sectional study in Russia

Underreporting of Death by COVID-19 in Brazil's Second Most Populous State

Immunitarianism: defence and sacrifice in the politics of Covid-19

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