Poling Conditions of Pre-Stressed Piezoelectric Actuators and Their Displacement

Juuti, Jari; Jantunen, Heli; Moilanen, V.-P.; Leppävuori, S.

doi:10.1007/s10832-005-1100-2

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Accordingly the driving fields were selected well below typical field limits to avoid de-poling (±1/3 of the coercive field) [19]. The coercive field result is comparable to values obtained from a closely corresponding pre-stressed PRESTO actuator (E cPRESTO =+1.6/−1.8 V/µm) and higher than showed by a bulk actuator (E cbulk =+ 1.2/−1.2 V/µm) as a consequence of the gradient in the electric field and slight pre-stress in the structure [20]. More detailed analysis will be reported elsewhere.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Electromechanical performance of structurally graded monolithic piezoelectric actuator

et al. 2008

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In this paper, the effect of structural gradients in monolithic piezoelectric actuators is investigated. Different cross-section profiles were micro-machined with a laser into commercial PZT 5H bulk discs with thicknesses of 375 µm and 500 µm (∅ 25 mm). Profiles and curvatures of the actuators were measured which showed both concave and convex structures, thus indicating pre-stress of the actuators. After poling, the distribution of out-of-plane displacement was scanned by a fibre-optic laser vibrometer. Maximum displacements of ∼6.3 µm and ∼24.8 µm were obtained from a freely moving and clamped ∼375 µm thick actuator, respectively, in a ±0.5 V/µm electric field at 10 Hz frequency without load. Furthermore, deflection in the centre of the actuators was measured up to 184 mN load using the same electric field and frequency. Bending of the bulk actuators without any additional layer was a consequence of the gradient in poling and driving electric field via thickness variation of the material. Hence, different regions produced strain distribution and bending in a similar fashion to other benders. Actuators with the highest arch height exhibited the highest displacement and load bearing capabilities derived from the increased area moment of inertia and enhanced piezoelectric response due to pre-stress. The results show that the monolithic bending actuators can be realised by simple structural designing of the actuator. Such structural gradients can be one reason contributing to the higher displacement of RAINBOW actuators compared to other pre-stressed actuators. In a further development, the structural gradients can be utilized in high displacement pre-stressed actuators and in miniaturized monolithic piezoelectric devices.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 75%

Electromechanical performance of structurally graded monolithic piezoelectric actuator

et al. 2008

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“…Traditionally, the major objective in all poling stages is to use the lowest possible electric field for the shortest possible time to induce the maximum degree of domain alignment at a temperature at which the achieved polarization is stable. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Application of high fields for an extended time can introduce an electrical bias field and an offset polarization in the sample that is caused not by the reorientation of domains but by the redistribution of mobile charge carriers. 12 This contribution to the total polarization is hard to control and thus to be avoided.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-temperature poling of ferroelectrics

Kounga¹,

Granzow²,

Aulbach³

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Physics

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The poling behavior of a lead-zirconate-titanate piezoelectric ceramic is investigated by measurements of the ferroelectric hysteresis, the longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient, and field-cooling poling experiments. At high temperatures, the decrease in the coercive field facilitates poling at lower electric fields, resulting in higher values of the longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient. However, there exists a threshold field of about 150 V/mm, below which fully poled samples cannot be obtained even when field cooling from temperatures above the transition. Further, a temperature regime below the Curie temperature is observed, where a polarization under field can be measured, but a remanent polarization is not stable. The results are discussed with respect to the phase transition behavior.

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“…Utilizing the electric field gradient, bending actuators can be fabricated from bulk samples without any additional layer [1,2]. Displacement capabilities of recently developed structurally graded piezoelectric bending actuators can be improved further by optimisation of the poling process [3][4][5]. Since the poling determines the final piezoelectric properties of the actuator and only slightly weakens afterwards due to ageing [6][7][8], the poling conditions have been widely studied [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Displacement capabilities of recently developed structurally graded piezoelectric bending actuators can be improved further by optimisation of the poling process [3][4][5]. Since the poling determines the final piezoelectric properties of the actuator and only slightly weakens afterwards due to ageing [6][7][8], the poling conditions have been widely studied [3]. Wang et al for example have shown that optimised poling of bulk actuators can be developed through predetermination of saturation polarisation and the coercive field [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-uniform electric field in poling of structurally graded monolithic piezoactuator

et al. 2010

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In this paper the effect of a non-uniform electric poling field and its optimisation for structurally graded piezoelectric actuators are investigated. The two compared actuator structures were both based on commercial PZT 5H bulk discs with thicknesses of 375 µm (Ø 25 mm), where one was machined into a graded structure with a step-like decrease of the thickness towards the centre and one intact. The hysteresis loops of the pre-stressed concave shaped actuators were measured under 0.5-5.0 kV/mm electric fields at 25-100°C temperatures, and the remanent polarization and coercive electric field were determined. The graded structured actuator obtained ∼10% higher coercive field compared to the non-graded actuator, when measured at 25°C and 5.0 kV/mm. On the other hand the remanent polarisation values of the graded actuator were slightly lower than non graded bulk values. However the maximum decrease was only 9.6% under 5.0 kV/mm. The results show that strain and stress gradients in the structure are generated when exposed to an electric field. Furthermore, as a consequence of the restricted dimension changes, an inherent bending of the monolithic ceramic structure was obtained which can be utilised, for example, in miniaturised micro-machined actuators or in larger pre-stressed benders.

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Poling Conditions of Pre-Stressed Piezoelectric Actuators and Their Displacement

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Electromechanical performance of structurally graded monolithic piezoelectric actuator

Electromechanical performance of structurally graded monolithic piezoelectric actuator

High-temperature poling of ferroelectrics

Non-uniform electric field in poling of structurally graded monolithic piezoactuator

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